Static and fatigue tensile strength of friction-welded bar–plate connections embedded in concrete

Behaviour and Design of Steel-Concrete-Steel-Sandwich Construction

“…Failure loads were calculated using the truss model. The failure load for each possible failure mode was determined in terms of the ultimate strength of the bar-plate connection in plate tension, bar shear and bar tension, as determined from static tests on bar-plate connection components [3,4]. These tests showed that for plates having t> 8mm the connection tensile strength (in the absence of bar shear) is governed by the strength of the bar material.…”

“…The purpose of the research project at Imperial College was to validate or improve the existing design recommendations. Static and fatigue tests on components under single and combined loads were performed [3,4] to give the load capacity and fatigue life of the connection. The results of the static and fatigue tests on Bi-Steel beams were used in design formulation.…”

Fatigue performance of lightweight steel–concrete–steel sandwich systems

“…Results of specimen FM were used to verify Eq. (22). Its Miner's summation is much greater than 1, which implies this design equation is conservative and on the safe side.…”

“…(5), in conventional steel-concrete composite structures [17][18][19][20] and SCS sandwich composites [21][22][23]:…”

Experimental and numerical investigation on the shear behaviour of friction-welded bar–plate connections embedded in concrete

“…As indicated in Ref. [1] and Report BS3 [6], the weld flashes are not effectively connected to the plate, and their only effect is to increase the concrete bearing area, so the flashes are not included in the FE model. A finer mesh is used in the region around the bar-plate weld connection.…”