“…They are normal forces (N1, N2), side forces (S1, S2), and rolling moment (RM). The dyed liquid release method 9) was used to visualize flow inside the water tunnel. The approximate Reynolds number (Re) used for observing the vortex flow was based on Elkhoury,6) who proved the Ó 2011 The Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences intense effect of different values of Re on the structure of vortex flow.…”