Statement on a conceptual framework for bovine tuberculosis

,

doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3711

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(95 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The 2015 monitoring data on bovine tuberculosis in EU cattle demonstrate that the current situation in Europe regarding bovine tuberculosis infection, detection and control is heterogeneous, as recently substantiated by EFSA (EFSA AHAW Panel, 2014). The prevalence ranges from absence of infection in most OTF regions to a regional prevalence of 15.8% in Andalusia, Spain, considering all herds, or a reported regional prevalence of test-positive cattle herds of 17.7% by the United Kingdom in Wales and England.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Greece reported a slightly increasing trend of very low prevalence of infected cattle herds. Stagnating or increasing trends in prevalence of bovine tuberculosis-positive cattle herds demonstrate that control and eradication of bovine tuberculosis is a challenge and owing to the complex interactions between the pathogen, hosts and the local environments (EFSA AHAW Panel, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food‐borne outbreaks in 2015

2016

EFS2

252

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This report of EFSA and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control presents the results of the zoonoses monitoring activities carried out in 2015 in 32 European countries (28 Member States (MS) and four non-MS). Campylobacteriosis was the most commonly reported zoonosis and the increasing European Union (EU) trend for confirmed human cases since 2008 continued. In food, the occurrence of Campylobacter remained high in broiler meat. The decreasing EU trend for confirmed human salmonellosis cases since 2008 continued, but the proportion of human Salmonella Enteritidis cases increased. Most MS met their Salmonella reduction targets for poultry. More S. Enteritidis isolates were reported and S. Infantis was confirmed as the most frequent serovar isolated from domestic fowl. In foodstuffs, the EU level Salmonella non-compliance for minced meat and meat preparations from poultry was low. Despite the significant increasing trend since 2008, the number of human listeriosis cases stabilised in 2015. In ready-to-eat foods, Listeria monocytogenes seldom exceeded the EU food safety limit. The decreasing EU trend for confirmed yersiniosis cases since 2008 continued. Positive findings for Yersinia were mainly reported in pig meat and products thereof. The number of confirmed shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections in humans was similar to 2014. In food, STEC was most frequently reported in meat from ruminants. A total of 4,362 food-borne outbreaks, including waterborne outbreaks, were reported. Bacteria were the most commonly detected causative agents, followed by bacterial toxins, viruses, other causative agents and parasites. The causative agent remained unknown in 33.5% of all outbreaks. As in previous years, Salmonella in eggs continued to represent the highest risk agent/food combination. The report further summarises trends and sources for tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis, Brucella, Trichinella, Echinococcus, Toxoplasma, rabies, Coxiella burnetii (Q fever), West Nile virus and tularaemia.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food‐borne outbreaks in 2015

2016

EFS2

252

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In food-borne outbreaks, the human cases are the people involved in the outbreak as defined by the investigators (case definition), and cases must be linked, or probably linked, to the same food source (Directive 2003/99/EC). This can include both ill people (whether confirmed microbiologically or not) and people with confirmed asymptomatic infections (EFSA, 2014). Cases can be classified as confirmed or probable outbreak cases, but currently these specific classification data are not collected by EFSA.…”

Section: Human Campylobacteriosis Cases and Cases Associated With Foomentioning

confidence: 99%

The European Union One Health 2019 Zoonoses Report

2021

EFS2

480

363

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This report of the EFSA and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control presents the results of zoonoses monitoring activities carried out in 2019 in 36 European countries (28 Member States (MS) and eight non‐MS). The first and second most reported zoonoses in humans were campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis, respectively. The EU trend for confirmed human cases of these two diseases was stable (flat) during 2015–2019. The proportion of human salmonellosis cases due to Salmonella Enteritidis acquired in the EU was similar to that in 2017–2018. Of the 26 MS reporting on Salmonella control programmes in poultry, 18 met the reduction targets, whereas eight failed to meet at least one. The EU prevalence of Salmonella target serovar‐positive flocks has been stable since 2015 for breeding hens, laying hens, broilers and fattening turkeys, with fluctuations for breeding turkey flocks. Salmonella results from competent authorities for pig carcases and for poultry tested through national control programmes were more frequently positive than those from food business operators. Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infection was the third most reported zoonosis in humans and increased from 2015 to 2019. Yersiniosis was the fourth most reported zoonosis in humans in 2019 with a stable trend in 2015–2019. The EU trend of confirmed listeriosis cases remained stable in 2015–2019 after a long period of increase. Listeria rarely exceeded the EU food safety limit tested in ready‐to‐eat food. In total, 5,175 food‐borne outbreaks were reported. Salmonella remained the most detected agent but the number of outbreaks due to S. Enteritidis decreased. Norovirus in fish and fishery products was the agent/food pair causing the highest number of strong‐evidence outbreaks. The report provides further updates on bovine tuberculosis, Brucella, Trichinella, Echinococcus, Toxoplasma, rabies, West Nile virus, Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) and tularaemia.

show abstract

“…The continuous evaluation of the bTB programme, in order to identify limitations and modifications needed, requires taking into account the “ non-biological ” context, as it might influence the effectiveness of the eradication plan (16). However, despite the acknowledged importance of these “non-biological” factors, few studies have attempted to evaluate them (38–41) and they have mainly used structured questionnaires.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While in some countries, such as Germany, The Netherlands, and Belgium, the eradication campaigns have been successful; in other countries, such as the United Kingdom, Ireland, Italy, and Spain, the disease is still endemic. Furthermore, recently the re-emergency of the disease in officially bTB free countries has been reported (16). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farmer and Veterinarian Attitudes towards the Bovine Tuberculosis Eradication Programme in Spain: What Is Going on in the Field?

Ciaravino

Ibarra²,

Casal

et al. 2017

Front. Vet. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effectiveness of health interventions against bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is influenced by several “non-biological” factors that may hamper bTB detection and control. Although the engagement of stakeholders is a key factor for the eradication programme’s success, social factors have been often ignored in the control programmes of animal diseases, especially in developed countries. In this study, we used a qualitative approach to investigate perceptions, opinions, attitudes, and beliefs of farmers, and veterinarians who may influence the effectiveness of the Spanish bTB eradication programme. The study was carried out in two phases. First, 13 key representatives of different groups involved in the programme were interviewed through exploratory interviews to identify most relevant themes circulating in the population. Interviews focused on strong and weak points of the programme; reasons for failure to achieve eradication; benefits of being disease free; future perspectives, and proposed changes to the programme. Based on these results, a thematic guide was developed and detailed information was gained through face-to-face in-depth interviews conducted on a purposive sample of 39 farmers and veterinarians. Data were analysed following an ethnographic methodology. Main results suggested that the bTB programme is perceived as a law enforcement duty without an adequate motivation of some stakeholders and a general feeling of distrust arose. The complexity of bTB epidemiology combined with gaps in knowledge and weak communication throughout stakeholders contributed to causing disbeliefs, which in turn generated different kinds of guesses and interpretations. Low reliability in the routine skin test for bTB screening was expressed and the level of confidence on test results interpretation was linked with skills and experience of public and private veterinarians in the field. Lack of training for farmers and pressure faced by veterinarians during field activities also emerged. Few benefits of being bTB free were perceived and comparative grievances referred to wildlife and other domestic reservoirs, sector-specific legislation for bullfighting farms, and the absence of specific health legislation for game hunting farms were reported. Understanding reasons for demotivation and scepticism may help institutions to ensure stakeholders’ collaboration and increase the acceptability of control measures leading to an earlier achievement of eradication.

show abstract

Statement on a conceptual framework for bovine tuberculosis

Cited by 10 publications

References 79 publications

The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food‐borne outbreaks in 2015

The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food‐borne outbreaks in 2015

The European Union One Health 2019 Zoonoses Report

Farmer and Veterinarian Attitudes towards the Bovine Tuberculosis Eradication Programme in Spain: What Is Going on in the Field?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About