State of the art paper Tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus – an underappreciated association

Abstract

The current review presents up-to-date knowledge on tuberculosis (TB) in diabetic patients. On the basis of available literature, there is little doubt about the close relationship between these two conditions. Diabetes mellitus in this association may still contribute substantially to the burden of TB and negatively affect control of the latter. Chronic hyperglycemia at least to some extent may alter the clinical manifestation, radiological appearance, treatment outcome and prognosis of TB. Although the pathogenesis is not clear, diabetes may impair both innate and adaptive immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Eventually, effective screening and dual management of the diseases have to be addressed both in low- and high-income countries in order to limit the negative effects of the forthcoming global diabetes epidemic.

Prevalence of dysglycemia and clinical presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis in Western India

“…16 These differences include increased symptoms of TB, increased involvement of the lungs, and higher bacterial burdens. However, these findings have been inconsistently reported.…”

Exploring the potential of adjunct therapy in tuberculosis

“…Given that diabetes increases the risk of TB and results in poor treatment outcomes, MET may be a potential therapeutic option for these patients [58,59].…”

Primary Tuberculosis of Tonsil in a Diabetic Patient—A Case Report

“…Nearly one third of the world's population is infected with M. tuberculosis and about 10% is at risk of developing an active disease in their lifetime. At the same time, prevalence of diabetes is increasing alongside other noncommunicable diseases [3]. There are numerous studies from different regions of the world supporting this.…”