State-of-the-art outlook for light-duty vehicle emission control standards and technologies in China

Regulating light-duty vehicle emissions: an overview of US, EU, China and Brazil programs and its effect on air quality

“…China followed the EU PCVE until China 5 stage. Since stage 6, China has included requirements of the US PCVE, with neutral fuel standards (Lyu et al 2020 ). The Chinese PCVE allow municipalities to implement a new stage and associated emissions standards before it has been applied in national scale.…”

“…LDV are still considered massive emitters of air pollutants in urban areas (Lyu et al 2020 ). Policymakers should be prepared for the challenges of controlling LDV emissions while tackling global warming and air quality issues in the coming future.…”

“…The US and EU PCVEs are pioneer and guided vehicle emission control worldwide. For instance, the Brazilian PCVE is influenced by the US and EU programs, while China's control policy referenced only the EU PCVE until recently (Dallman and Façanha 2017 ; Lyu et al 2020 ). Even though pioneer and other notable programs may share similarities in imposed emissions standards, all these programs differ in technical structure and procedures, implementation schedule and execution (Rodríguez et al 2019 ).…”

“…Previous studies provided an outlook of US (He et al 2017 ), EU (Hooftman et al 2018 ), Chinese (Lyu et al 2020 ) and Brazilian (Dallman 2020 ) PCVEs. Other studies evaluated the vehicle emissions and air pollutant concentrations in some periods after PCVEs was implemented in US (Parrish et al 2009 ), EU (Winkler et al 2018 ), China (Wu et al 2016 ) and Brazil (Andrade et al 2017 ).…”

Analysis of Ion-Exchanged ZSM-5, BEA, and SSZ-13 Zeolite Trapping Materials under Realistic Exhaust Conditions

“…Initially, much of the lean-burn automotive emissions reduction was handled through emissions-conscious engine design and the use of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. However, modern lean-burn emissions control requires a complex approach involving a series of specialized materials [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] to manage the wide variety of pollutants and exhaust conditions due to the increasingly strict emissions standards. These include diesel particulate filters (DPF) and selective catalytic NOx reduction catalysts (SCR), in addition to the DOC.…”