State-of-the-Art of Strategies to Reduce Exhaust Emissions from Diesel Engine Vehicles

Abstract

Compression ignition engines play a significant role in the development of a country. They are widely used due to their innate properties such as high efficiency, high power output, and durability. However, they are considered one of the key contributors to transport-related emission and have recently been identified as carcinogenic. Thus, it is important to modify the designs and processes before, during, and after combustion to reduce the emissions to meet the strict emission regulations. The paper discusses the pros and cons of different strategies to reduce emissions of a diesel engine. An overview of various techniques to modify the pre-combustion engine design aspects has been discussed first. After that, fuel modifications techniques during combustion to improve the fuel properties to reduce the engine-out emission is discussed. Finally, post-combustion after-treatment devices are briefly discussed, which help improve the air quality of our environment.

Recovering Apple Agro-Industrial Waste for Bioethanol and Vinasse Joint Production: Screening the Potential of Chile

“…Furthermore, it is an excellent fuel for future hybrid vehicles since they have a cleaner combustion than fossil fuels [6]. It is also an oxygenated and biodegradable fuel (35% O 2 ) with reduced particulate matter and NOx content [6][7][8]. In the world market, bioethanol is predicted to achieve 140 billion liters in 2022 [4].…”

Integrated catalytic systems for simultaneous NOx and PM reduction: A comprehensive evaluation of synergistic performance and combustion waste energy utilization

“…The combination of LNT and SCR systems, known as LNT-SCR or NSR-SCR, has emerged as a promising solution for e cient NOx reduction in diesel engines (Rahman, SM Ashrafur, et al 2021). In this con guration, the LNT serves as a NOx storage device and an NH 3 generator, while the downstream SCR catalyst utilizes the generated NH3 for further NOx reduction.…”

A Simulation Study on a Premixed-charge Compression Ignition Mode-based Engine Using a Blend of Biodiesel/Diesel Fuel under a Split Injection Strategy

“…Diesel engines are widely employed in several vital sectors, such as farming, surface transport, and construction, owing to their excellent thermal efficiency and higher compression ratio compared to gasoline engines [6]- [10]. However, emissions from vehicles using diesel engines contribute significantly to pollution emissions globally, causing many adverse effects on economic as well as social development; they have detrimental effects on human health [11]- [14]. Owing to these reasons, various studies were conducted to investigate internal combustion engines over the past decades to find ways such as using alternative fuels, developing the combustion, changes in engine structure, applying posttreatment exhaust gas aiming to reduce NOx and PM emissions, pollutants, as well as diversify the providing fuel sources [15]- [24].…”