State-of-the-art of methane sensing materials: A review and perspectives

Hong, Tao; Culp, Jeffrey T.; Kim, Ki Joong; Devkota, Jagannath; Sun, Chaoyang; Ohodnicki, Paul R.

doi:10.1016/j.trac.2020.115820

Cited by 43 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 226 publications

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“…The resistance of the sensor films changes when oxygen is absorbed on the sensor surface. Generally, the adsorbed oxygen ion species depend on the sensor film temperature, with O 2− below 100 °C, O − in between 100-300 °C, and O 2− above 300 °C [42]. O − is dominant in the present study because of the approximate Pd-TiO2 film's working temperature of 150 °C.…”

Section: Gas Sensor Working Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 76%

Effect of Pd-Sensitization on Poisonous Chlorine Gas Detection Ability of TiO2: Green Synthesis and Low-Temperature Operation

Ekar¹,

Nakate

Khollam³

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Ganoderma lucidum mushroom-mediated green synthesis of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) is explored via a low-temperature (≤70 °C) wet chemical method. The role of Ganoderma lucidum mushroom extract in the reaction is to release the ganoderic acid molecules that tend to bind to the Ti4+ metal ions to form a titanium-ganoderic acid intermediate complex for obtaining TiO2 nanocrystallites (NCs), which is quite novel, considering the recent advances in fabricated gas sensing materials. The X-ray powder diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller measurements etc., are used to characterize the crystal structure, surface morphology, and surface area of as-synthesized TiO2 and Pd-TiO2 sensors, respectively. The chlorine (Cl2) gas sensing properties are investigated from a lower range of 5 ppm to a higher range of 400 ppm. In addition to excellent response–recovery time, good selectivity, constant repeatability, as well as chemical stability, the gas sensor efficiency of the as-synthesized Pd-TiO2 NC sensor is better (136% response at 150 °C operating temperature) than the TiO2 NC sensor (57% at 250 °C operating temperature) measured at 100 ppm (Cl2) gas concentration, suggesting that the green synthesized Pd-TiO2 sensor demonstrates efficient Cl2 gas sensing properties at low operating temperatures over pristine ones.

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Section: Gas Sensor Working Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 76%

Effect of Pd-Sensitization on Poisonous Chlorine Gas Detection Ability of TiO2: Green Synthesis and Low-Temperature Operation

Ekar¹,

Nakate

Khollam³

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…The comparison of the presented sensors with alternative sensor solutions for the detection of the gas composition in a fuel or gas line is difficult, since there are not many examples published that enable the measurement of Methane Numbers. Many examples were presented in the literature for the measurement of methane concentrations (e.g., [22,23]). However, for the measurement and monitoring of the Methane Number or Wobbe Index, the detection of methane is not sufficient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacitive and Infrared Gas Sensors for the Assessment of the Methane Number of LNG Fuels

Sweelssen¹,

Blokland²,

Rajamäki

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) is an energy source that is becoming more important in energy transition, as the world is facing lower the CO2 emissions and backup sources for wind and solar energy are needed. LNG is becoming a major player not only as fuel for power plants, but also in transport and mobility. However, the composition of LNG varies significantly between the various production locations around the world, and the layering of hydrocarbons with different molecular weights takes place even in LNG containers. This is especially critical for LNG engines, in which the ignition properties of the gas depend heavily on the fuel quality or Methane Number (MN) of the gas. For optimized engine operation and motor management, this fuel quality should be measured regularly, preferably online and by a small and low-cost sensor. This paper presents two sensor solutions for the assessment of the full gas composition. For both sensors, the standard deviation in the composition of the relevant hydrocarbons was low enough to calculate the Methane Number with an accuracy of approximately 1 MN unit. It was demonstrated that the electronic capacitive sensor was better suited to assess the higher hydrocarbons, whereas the infrared sensor showed higher selectivity for the lower hydrocarbons.

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“…MOS sensor operation is based on changing the conductivity of the sensitive layer when changing the gas environment as a result of its surface gas molecule adsorption. (9) The sensitive layer or element (SE) of gas sensors consists of MOS materials (SnO 2 , ZnO, MoO 3 , etc.) or organic semiconductors (metalloporphyrins).…”

Section: Semiconductor Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(20,28) In the past decades, a large number of different semiconductor sensors have been developed to monitor hydrocarbons in the air. Nevertheless, there are different directions of development (sensor design, base and sensitive-layer materials, heating methods, and sensitive element spreading), including sensors to detect methane, (9,10,(15)(16)(17) ethanol, (11,12,29,30) propane, (11,31) formaldehyde, (13) and other chemicals. The analysis results are shown in Table 2 with a brief description of the technology for producing a semiconductive SE, including operation temperatures and sensor sensitivity (S).…”

Section: Semiconductor Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latest Progress in Sensors for Pre-explosive Detection of Flammable Gases: A Review

Baranov¹,

Osipova²

2022

Sensors and Materials

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In this paper, we present a brief review of current trends in the development of technologies for manufacturing sensors of flammable gases and volatile organic compounds at pre-explosive concentrations. Different types of gas sensor, including catalytic, semiconductor, and optical sensors, and the principles of their operation are discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of each type of gas sensor are shown. New and traditional production technologies of sensitive elements are discussed, providing improvements of sensor parameters such as effectiveness, miniaturization, and reduction of energy consumption. In conclusion, we suggest future trends and prospects for research and development to increase the sensitivity and selectivity of sensors.

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State-of-the-art of methane sensing materials: A review and perspectives

Cited by 43 publications

References 226 publications

Effect of Pd-Sensitization on Poisonous Chlorine Gas Detection Ability of TiO2: Green Synthesis and Low-Temperature Operation

Effect of Pd-Sensitization on Poisonous Chlorine Gas Detection Ability of TiO2: Green Synthesis and Low-Temperature Operation

Capacitive and Infrared Gas Sensors for the Assessment of the Methane Number of LNG Fuels

Latest Progress in Sensors for Pre-explosive Detection of Flammable Gases: A Review

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