State-of-the-art of advanced gas metal arc welding processes: Dissimilar metal welding

Abstract

The manufacturing industry has for many years shown interest in opportunities offered by the welding of dissimilar metals, for example, in transportation to reduce vehicles weight and in power plants, to fit heterogeneous working conditions. Early gas metal arc welding (GMAW) processes had limited control of heat input, but advanced GMAW processes of the last decades offer new perspectives for welding dissimilar metals. The study review briefly dissimilar metal welding (DMW) and investigates advanced GMAW processes with emphasis on their general operating principles and arc control. Experiments performed on dissimilar metals using GMAW processes are then reviewed, highlighting those made using advanced gas metal arc welding processes. The study collates data from scientific literature on fusion dissimilar metal welding, advanced gas metal arc welding processes and experiments conducted with conventional GMAW. The study shows that the welding procedure specification is an important factor in dissimilar metal welding. Advanced GMAW processes have significant potential in fusion welding of dissimilar metals in the case of ferrous metals, ferrous and non-ferrous metal combinations and non-ferrous metals of different grades. Accurate control of heat input allows more effective prediction of intermetallics and better control of post heat treatments. Increased understanding of advanced processes will permit development of more suitable specifications of gas metal arc welding procedures for dissimilar metal welding. Process flexibility and adaptability to robotic mass production will allow for wider application of this process and the avoidance of costly alternative methods.

Effects of shielding gas control: welded joint properties in GMAW process optimization

“…The weld camera adds the ability to see the detail of the arc and monitor the impact of the shielding gases in real time, to determine the optimum welding procedure for a particular situation. An adaptive control is a mechanism for adjusting welding parameters on its own (self-regulation or self-adjustment) [22]. However, in order for a welding process to adjust properly, data need to be collected and processed.…”

Optimization of Parameters on Robotized Gas Metal Arc Welding of LNE 700 High-Strength Steel

“…Given the constant increase in the world's population and existing centers of large concentrations of people, governments of several countries are encouraging projects that target ways by which vehicles of collective transport need to use smaller amounts of fossil fuels and emit less carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Although in general, alternative sources of energy are being sought for use in automobiles, such as solar power, electricity, fuel cells and hydrogen-based fuels, a solution to the problem of CO 2 emissions has yet to be found. On the other hand, in Brazil, the main industries that manufacture vehicles for agriculture and the construction and maintenance of roads, as well as the automobile industry, are looking for alternatives to reduce cost, process time and structural weight of their vehicles, and consequently, the consumption of fossil fuels, which are considered the main source of potential pollutants [1].…”

“…Nowadays, in industries that manufacture collective transport vehicles (for example, buses and trains) and agricultural vehicles (for example, harvesters and tractors), the main raw material is steel. With the view of reducing the weight of these vehicles, factories work on developing the design of structural parts using new types of steel, which let thinner materials (thinner sheets) to be applied without this affecting their structural strength and structures with welded joints of dissimilar metals [2,3]. This industry needs steel mills to develop new steels which have high strength, are easy to weld and have considerable levels of ductility and toughness.…”

Effects of Welding Speed on Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Fiber Laser Welded Dissimilar Butt Joints between AISI316L and EH36

“…All of these studies indicate that welding of dissimilar metals is an effective method that can take advantages of each material and improve the mechanical properties of the welded seam. As it is known, the difference of chemical composition and physical properties is a big challenge for dissimilar metals welding [21][22][23]. Traditional welding technology (like arc welding) usually has higher heat input which will lead to larger dimensions of seam and distortion.…”