State of the Art of Conventional Reactors for Methanol Production

Palma, Vincenzo; Meloni, Eugenio; Ruocco, Concetta; Martino, Marco; Ricca, Antonio

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63903-5.00002-9

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…They might be caused either by pore diffusion inside the catalyst particle, by film diffusion through the boundary layer around the catalyst particle or by limited transport of the gaseous reactants into the carrier liquid [11,12]. Slurry reactors have the potential advantage that catalysts in powder shape can be applied without inducing a high pressure drop in the reactor [28]. For finding the upper size limit of the catalyst pellet, three pellet sizes of the same catalyst batch (see Tab.…”

Section: Excluding Mass Transport Effects In the Applied Slurry Methamentioning

confidence: 99%

Slurry Phase Hydrogenation of CO₂ to Methanol Using Supported In₂O₃ Catalysts as Promising Approach for Chemical Energy Storage

Schühle

Reichenberger

Marzun

et al. 2020

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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A promising approach for chemical energy storage from fluctuating renewable electricity is methanol synthesis from CO2 and hydrogen in a slurry reactor concept, due to efficient heat storage and easy reactor control. In combination with a promising In2O3/ZrO2 catalyst and mineral oil as carrier liquid, efficient methanol production under a wide range of changing process conditions is shown for the first time. A maximum methanol productivity of 2.1 gMeOHgIn−1h−1 and multiple recycling stability of the catalyst and the carrier liquid was achieved, showing no significant decrease in methanol yields.

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Section: Excluding Mass Transport Effects In the Applied Slurry Methamentioning

confidence: 99%

Slurry Phase Hydrogenation of CO₂ to Methanol Using Supported In₂O₃ Catalysts as Promising Approach for Chemical Energy Storage

Schühle

Reichenberger

Marzun

et al. 2020

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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“…The commercial catalysts based on CuO/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 are widely used in methanol production [38], since they provide both high activity and selectivity of typically above 99.5% [29]. Nonetheless, there is still room for improvement of the catalyst performance in terms of activity, selectivity, stability, and durability [41]. Catalyst deactivation usually occurs due to the poisoning by the impurities in the system and due to thermal effects, such as sintering of the copper particles.…”

Section: Traditional Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Catalyst deactivation usually occurs due to the poisoning by the impurities in the system and due to thermal effects, such as sintering of the copper particles. The representative converter designs and catalysts for methanol synthesis are thoroughly reviewed in the literature [29,30,35,38,41].…”

Section: Traditional Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of The Methanol Economy: The Fuel Cell Route

et al. 2020

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This review presents methanol as a potential renewable alternative to fossil fuels in the fight against climate change. It explores the renewable ways of obtaining methanol and its use in efficient energy systems for a net zero-emission carbon cycle, with a special focus on fuel cells. It investigates the different parts of the carbon cycle from a methanol and fuel cell perspective. In recent years, the potential for a methanol economy has been shown and there has been significant technological advancement of its renewable production and utilization. Even though its full adoption will require further development, it can be produced from renewable electricity and biomass or CO2 capture and can be used in several industrial sectors, which make it an excellent liquid electrofuel for the transition to a sustainable economy. By converting CO2 into liquid fuels, the harmful effects of CO2 emissions from existing industries that still rely on fossil fuels are reduced. The methanol can then be used both in the energy sector and the chemical industry, and become an all-around substitute for petroleum. The scope of this review is to put together the different aspects of methanol as an energy carrier of the future, with particular focus on its renewable production and its use in high-temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) via methanol steam reforming.

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“…Ela inibe a sobreposição de locais ativos de cobre e isto influencia na adsorção e atividade do catalisador [56,58]. A presença de íons Al 3+ aumenta a área de superfície do catalisador e sua presença diminui a suscetibilidade da sinterização do cobre [46,61]. A alumina também protege o local ativo de envenenamento e sinterização.…”

Section: Catalisadores De Cu E Znunclassified

“…O cobre pode se apresentar na interface do óxido de zinco, como nanopartículas, como cobre metálico, ou como óxido [56,61]. Quanto maior a interface do cobre sobre o ZnO maior é a adsorção dos elementos do reagente [61].…”

Section: Catalisadores De Cu E Znunclassified

Recuperação de cobre e zinco de catalisadores exauridos.

Abreu¹

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Metal recovery from spent catalysts minimizes the volume of hazardous waste disposed of in landfills and is an alternative to conventional mining. The objectives of this dissertation are to characterize a spent catalyst residue used in the methanol synthesis process and to determine a route for copper and zinc recovery from this residue. The components that correspond to the active phase, promotor, and support of the spent catalyst were identified as copper, zinc, and aluminum, respectively. Which presented themselves as CuO, Zn3O(SO4)2, and Al2O3. The physical technique of separation through dense media, with the use of bromoform, and the pyrometallurgical techniques of reduction, zinc volatilization, and copper fusion were studied. Before the best techniques investigation, the spent catalyst was pre-treated by calcining and grinding. The parameters studied in the reduction and volatilization step were temperature, holding time, type of reducer, gas flow, and furnace rotation. In the melting step, the parameters studied were the proportion of the oxides Al2O3, CaO, and SiO2 and the amount of the fondant CaF2. The best zinc extraction obtained from the reduction and volatilization tests was 92.9% in a test carried out at 1100°C for 6 hours, with the graphite reducer, without rotation, and inert atmosphere with argon at 100mL/min. The purity of the condensed and recovered zinc in the cold finger was 80.9%. The best copper recovery test was the melt, which separated 72.4% of the metal from the rest of the sample with a purity of 73.3%. The result was achieved with the lowest proportion of silica and the highest proportion of CaF2. The sequence of techniques that presented the best metal recovery results was pre-treatment by calcining and grinding, followed by a step of reduction, zinc volatilization, and copper melting.

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State of the Art of Conventional Reactors for Methanol Production

Cited by 22 publications

References 52 publications

Slurry Phase Hydrogenation of CO₂ to Methanol Using Supported In₂O₃ Catalysts as Promising Approach for Chemical Energy Storage

Slurry Phase Hydrogenation of CO₂ to Methanol Using Supported In₂O₃ Catalysts as Promising Approach for Chemical Energy Storage

A Review of The Methanol Economy: The Fuel Cell Route

Recuperação de cobre e zinco de catalisadores exauridos.

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State of the Art of Conventional Reactors for Methanol Production

Cited by 22 publications

References 52 publications

Slurry Phase Hydrogenation of CO2 to Methanol Using Supported In2O3 Catalysts as Promising Approach for Chemical Energy Storage

Slurry Phase Hydrogenation of CO2 to Methanol Using Supported In2O3 Catalysts as Promising Approach for Chemical Energy Storage

A Review of The Methanol Economy: The Fuel Cell Route

Recuperação de cobre e zinco de catalisadores exauridos.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Slurry Phase Hydrogenation of CO₂ to Methanol Using Supported In₂O₃ Catalysts as Promising Approach for Chemical Energy Storage

Slurry Phase Hydrogenation of CO₂ to Methanol Using Supported In₂O₃ Catalysts as Promising Approach for Chemical Energy Storage