State-of-the-art methods for inverse design of an enclosed environment

Abstract

a b s t r a c tThe conventional design of enclosed environments uses a trial-and-error approach that is time consuming and may not meet the design objective. Inverse design concept uses the desired enclosed environment as the design objective and inversely determines the systems required to achieve the objective. This paper discusses a number of backward and forward methods for inverse design. Backward methods, such as the quasi-reversibility method, pseudo-reversibility method, and regularized inverse matrix method, can be used to identify contaminant sources in an enclosed environment. However, these methods cannot be used to inversely design a desired indoor environment. Forward methods, such as the CFD-based adjoint method, CFD-based genetic algorithm method, and proper orthogonal decomposition method, show the promise in the inverse design of airflow and heat transfer in an enclosed environment. The CFD-based adjoint method is accurate and can handle many design parameters without increasing computing costs, but the method may find a locally optimal design that could meet the design objective with constrains. The CFD-based genetic algorithm method, on the other hand, can provide the global optimal design that can meet the design objective without constraints, but the computing cost can increase dramatically with the number of design parameters. The proper orthogonal decomposition method is a reduced-order method that can significantly lower computing costs, but at the expense of reduced accuracy. This paper also discusses the possibility to reduce the computing costs of CFD-based design methods.

Inverse design of indoor environment using an adjointRNGk‐ε turbulence model

“…The convection and diffusion terms of the RANS equations closed with the turbulence model and adjoint equations were discretized by the first‐order upwind scheme and the central difference scheme, respectively. Previous studies all used the first‐order upwind scheme to discretize the convection terms of both set of equations, and none of the studies have not reported any accuracy issues. Thus, we used the same scheme and did not explore high‐order numerical scheme.…”

“…To create a thermally comfortable and healthy indoor environment, conventional designs use a trial‐and‐error process that assumes certain thermo‐fluid boundary conditions (B.C. ), such as air supply inlet size, number, and locations and air supply velocity and temperature, etc.…”

Building energy-consumption status worldwide and the state-of-the-art technologies for zero-energy buildings during the past decade

“…However, HOMER can only solve a single objective function for minimizing the net present cost; in actual ZEBs, designers must often deal with conflicting design objectives such as energy consumption, thermal comfort and cost. Various methods can be used to perform multi-objective optimal modeling in built environments [107]. For the multi-objective optimization of ZEB solutions, the most commonly used algorithms [108] are the multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA), the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the linear programming method.…”

Research on the Development of Modern Environment Art Pattern under the Perspectives of Green City and Environmental Protection

“…At present, the construction of the green city is increasingly becoming the mainstream direction of the future urban development in our country, especially need to create green city formed in the practical work of strong maneuverability, can guide the practice of theoretical support and experience for the reference. Based on the research on green cities at home and abroad on the basis of related literature review on the concept and the connotation of the green city, city green transformation of developed countries and summarizes practical experience, thought that building a green city in our country, the development of urban green for reference [1][2][3].…”