State‐of‐the‐art document on optimal contemporary management of cardiomyopathies

Seferović, Petar; Polovina, Marija; Rosano, Giuseppe; Bozkurt, Biykem; Metra, Marco; Heymans, Stéphane; Mullens, Wilfried; Bauersachs, Johann; Sliwa, Karen; Boer, Rudolf A. de; Farmakis, Dimitrios; Thum, Thomas; Coppini, Raffaele; Rapezzi, Claudio; Linhart, Aleš; Corrado, Domenico; Tschöpe, Carsten; Milinković, Ivan; Bayés‐Genís, Antoni; Filippatos, Gerasimos; Keren, Andre; Ašanin, Milika; Krljanać, Gordana; Maksimović, Ružica; Skouri, Hadi; Gal, Tuvia Ben; Moura, Brenda; Volterrani, Maurizio; Abdelhamid, Magdy; Lopatin, Yuri; Chioncel, Ovidiu; Coats, Andrew J.S.

doi:10.1002/ejhf.2979

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 294 publications

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“…bromocriptine in peripartum cardiomyopathy, mavacamten in obstructive HCM, tafamidis in transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis, etc.). 2 Although these advancements have secured improvement in patient outcomes, cardiomyopathies remain a significant contributor to cardiovascular hospitalization and mortality. In addition to being an important cause of heart failure (HF), they entail an increased, and often unrecognized risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence, risk assessment and prevention of sudden cardiac death in cardiomyopathies

Polovina,

Tschöpe,

Rosano

et al. 2023

European J of Heart Fail

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Cardiomyopathies are a significant contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, mainly due to the development of heart failure and increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Despite improvement in survival with contemporary treatment, SCD remains an important cause of mortality in cardiomyopathies. It occurs at a rate ranging between 0.15% and 0.7% per year (depending on the cardiomyopathy), which significantly surpasses SCD incidence in the age‐ and sex‐matched general population. The risk of SCD is affected by multiple factors including the aetiology, genetic basis, age, sex, physical exertion, the extent of myocardial disease severity, conduction system abnormalities, and electrical instability, as measured by various metrics. Over the past decades, the knowledge on the mechanisms and risk factors for SCD has substantially improved, allowing for a better‐informed risk stratification. However, unresolved issues still challenge the guidance of SCD prevention in patients with cardiomyopathies. In this review, we aim to provide an in‐depth discussion of the contemporary concepts pertinent to understanding the burden, risk assessment and prevention of SCD in cardiomyopathies (dilated, non‐dilated left ventricular, hypertrophic, arrhythmogenic right ventricular, and restrictive). The review first focuses on SCD incidence in cardiomyopathies and then summarizes established and emerging risk factors for life‐threatening arrhythmias/SCD. Finally, it discusses validated approaches to the risk assessment and evidence‐based measures for SCD prevention in cardiomyopathies, pointing to the gaps in evidence and areas of uncertainties that merit future clarification.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence, risk assessment and prevention of sudden cardiac death in cardiomyopathies

Polovina,

Tschöpe,

Rosano

et al. 2023

European J of Heart Fail

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2024 update in heart failure

Beghini,

Sammartino,

Papp

et al. 2024

ESC Heart Failure

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In the last years, major progress has occurred in heart failure (HF) management. The 2023 ESC focused update of the 2021 HF guidelines introduced new key recommendations based on the results of the last years of science. First, two drugs, sodium–glucose co‐transporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and finerenone, a novel nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA), are recommended for the prevention of HF in patients with diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD). Second, SGLT2 inhibitors are now recommended for the treatment of HF across the entire left ventricular ejection fraction spectrum. The benefits of quadruple therapy in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) are well established. Its rapid and early up‐titration along with a close follow‐up with frequent clinical and laboratory re‐assessment after an episode of acute HF (the so‐called ‘high‐intensity care’ strategy) was associated with better outcomes in the STRONG‐HF trial. Patients experiencing an episode of worsening HF might require a fifth drug, vericiguat. In the STEP‐HFpEF‐DM and STEP‐HFpEF trials, semaglutide 2.4 mg once weekly administered for 1 year decreased body weight and significantly improved quality of life and the 6 min walk distance in obese patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) with or without a history of diabetes. Further data on safety and efficacy, including also hard endpoints, are needed to support the addition of acetazolamide or hydrochlorothiazide to a standard diuretic regimen in patients hospitalized due to acute HF. In the meantime, PUSH‐AHF supported the use of natriuresis‐guided diuretic therapy. Further options and most recent evidence for the treatment of HF, including specific drugs for cardiomyopathies (i.e., mavacamten in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and tafamidis in transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis), device therapies, cardiac contractility modulation and percutaneous treatment of valvulopathies, with the recent finding from the TRILUMINATE Pivotal trial, are also reviewed in this article.

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Management of cancer patients at high and very-high risk of cardiotoxicity: Main questions and answers

Di Lisi,

Cadeddu Dessalvi,

Zito

et al. 2024

Current Problems in Cardiology

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State‐of‐the‐art document on optimal contemporary management of cardiomyopathies

Abstract: ‘31 July 2023: This Accepted Article published in error. The article is under embargo and will publish in Early View shortly.’

Cited by 3 publications

References 294 publications

Incidence, risk assessment and prevention of sudden cardiac death in cardiomyopathies

Incidence, risk assessment and prevention of sudden cardiac death in cardiomyopathies

2024 update in heart failure

Management of cancer patients at high and very-high risk of cardiotoxicity: Main questions and answers

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