State-of-the-art and prospects of Zn-containing layered double hydroxides (Zn-LDH)-based materials for photocatalytic water remediation

Recent developments in layered double hydroxide structures with their role in promoting photocatalytic hydrogen production: A comprehensive review

“…Typically, LDH was highly favored due to their "tunable" band gap properties and their unique 2D double structures, which nominates them as one of the photocatalysts that exhibit the highest potential in water remediation and energy conversion field. 17 Tunable band gap in this context referred to as the change in band gap energy with different metal incorporations. For instance, binary LDH consisted of two types of metal cations, typically constructed of divalent metal cations as the first metal element and trivalent metal cations as the second element.…”

“…It was further affirmed that photosensitive elements such as Zn constituted into the brucite layer of LDH hold great benefits in extending the solar absorbance. 17 Valente et al elucidated that introducing a small amount of Zn 2+ in MgAl-LDH considerably altered the band gap energy of the LDH, leading to higher photocatalytic performances. 140 The band gap energy was observed to shift from 5.45 eV towards 3.85 eV upon increasing the amount of Zn 2+ .…”

“…15,16 A very recent review by Wang et al deliberates on the modification strategies in the water remediation with a narrowed scope on Zn-based LDH photocatalysts. 17 In the same year, the first reviewing article discussing on the engineering applications of LDH in the water treatment field through an advanced oxidation process has been published by Yang et al 18 Recently, Kaur et al have published a brief review of the photocatalytic hydrogen production by LDH-based photocatalyst through mechanistic approaches, which discussed different modification strategies. 19 Even though many reviewing articles have been published in these past years covering different aspects of LDH-based photocatalyst, but none of them have highlighted the role of each divalent and trivalent metal species in the LDH matrix and provided a broader view on the available type of metal incorporated LDH.…”

A Review on Nanopesticides for Plant Protection Synthesized Using the Supramolecular Chemistry of Layered Hydroxide Hosts

“…LHs and LDHs are composed of positively charged inorganic layers ( Figure 1 ), and the counter anion can be replaced by various AIs for various purposes as shown in Figure 2 . These include nanopesticides for plant protection [ 29 ], drug delivery [ 30 ] and gene delivery [ 31 ], sunscreen protection [ 32 ], catalysis [ 33 ] and environmental remediation, [ 34 ], supercapacitors [ 35 ], cosmetics [ 36 ], etc. If drugs or therapeutic agents are intercalated into the interlayers, various nanodrugs [ 37 ], or nanotherapeutic delivery systems can be generated which are useful for anticancer purposes [ 38 ], anti-TB purposes [ 39 ], etc.…”

“…This results in a uniform distribution of oxide which is useful for catalyst [ 33 ] purposes. Due to their high ion-exchange capacity, LDHs can be used for the remediation of heavy-metal-contaminated or pesticide-contaminated water [ 34 ]. Other applications, including smart fertilizers, nanosensors, etc., are shown in Figure 2 .…”