“…However, sturgeons have no reliable external sexual characteristics, as previously described (Chebanov & Galich, ; Fopp‐Bayat, ). Currently, to determine sex, hormonal (Du et al, ; Mosyagina & Zelennikov, ; Wheeler, Novak, Wippelhauser, & Sulikowski, ), biochemical (Barulin, ; Yarmohammadi et al, ), histological methods (Golpour et al, ) and biopsy, laparoscopy (Falahatkar & Poursaeid, ; Webb, Eenennaam, Crossman, & Chapman, ), endoscopy (Munhofen, Jiménez, Peterson, Camus, Jiménez, Peterson, Camus, & Divers, ) are used. Above methods have difficulties with mass application in aquaculture and can have a high error (the first two methods) or can traumatize fish (the last four methods).…”