State of art of impact tensile test (ITT): Its historical development as a simulated crash test of industrial materials and presentation of new “ductile/brittle” transition diagrams

Bayraktar, E.; Kaplan, D.; Schmidt, F.; Paqueton, H.; Grumbach, Marc

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.11.044

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In this paper we will analyze the effects of the influence of the two rehabilitation techniques: grinding weld toe" rehabilitation technique and "WIG remelting weld toe" rehabilitation technique [18]. The "grinding weld toe" rehabilitation technique consists in the milling of the top of the welding cord, along the intersection line between the filler and the base material, for the joints between pipes (T, Y or K ) and for fillet weld joints between tables.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Rehabilitation Techniques on Static and Variabile Loads in Case of a HSLA Steel Samples

Babiş¹,

Solomon²,

Iacobescu³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract:There are many welded structures in the world such as bridges and viaducts that are subject to fatigue. These structures, generally made of non-alloy or low-alloy steels, have been put into operation some of them with many years ago and have accumulated a large number of variable load cycles over the time. For this reason the occurrence of fatigue phenomenon is inevitable and consists in the occurrence of failures at stresses applied to the structure, below the yield limit of the material. These stresses under the static loads would not cause the failures to appear..This paper will investigate whether two reconditioning techniques "weld toe grinding" and "WIG remelting weld toe", influences favorably the behavior of welded structures made from HSLA steel, in static and variable loads and therefore if the application of these techniques is justified in both cases. In the paper will be presented the chemical composition and mechanical properties of the base and filler materials, micro and macrostructures, graphics with the variation of microhardness, static and fatigue tensile tests will be performed, and it will be rised durability curve in case of fatigue tests.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Rehabilitation Techniques on Static and Variabile Loads in Case of a HSLA Steel Samples

Babiş¹,

Solomon²,

Iacobescu³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…Crack tip opening displacement tests in different modes were performed in some of the previously mentioned publications [10,11,[14][15][16][17]. Research on detecting the ductile-brittle transition temperature was done by Baryraktar et al in [2,18,19]. They were carrying out impact tensile testing to eliminate the influence of specimen bending and investigate pure crack initiation.…”

Section: • High Overmatching Situations (U T S F Z Ut S Bm )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1901, Augustin Georges Albert Charpy reported this work on the 3rd travelling exhibition of the International Association for materials testing. In 1906, the Brussels congress agreed on the importance of a testing procedure with notched bars and the science of fracture mechanics became an important approach in design [1,2]. To date, the Charpy impact test is the most convenient procedure regarding ductility testing of materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toughness evaluation of EB welds

Wiednig

Enzinger

2017

Weld World

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For over a hundred years, Charpy impact testing has been performed. It is one of the most frequently used material tests. Due to a very simple test setup, a huge wealth of experience and an enormous database of results, it is still state of the art to evaluate toughness of materials and welds. Modern welding technologies like laser welding or electron beam welding (EBW) are characterized by a low heat input. The high energy density of these technologies results in very narrow welds. These kind of joints are difficult to analyse by means of a standard Charpy test. The combination of weld cross section and properties lead in most cases to a fracture path deviation (FPD). Although the crack starts from a notch, it deviates during propagation into the heat-affected zone or even in the base material. Therefore, the weld itself is not tested and cannot be characterized. FPD is a wellknown issue but so far little attention in standards has been paid to this complex topic. Hence, establishing a valid welding procedure specification for beam welding procedures may imply difficulties. This work focuses on avoiding FPD in electron beam welds in soft-matensitic steel (1.4313) by using standard and side notched Charpy impact specimens. Valid toughness result had to be found for 20-and 100-mm-thick welds at −20 • C. Several test with three different kind of specimen in two different heat-treated conditions were carried out. It was found that beside the narrow seam a major reason for FPD is the significant overmatching of the weld. A post weld heat treatment to reduce overmatching facilitates testing but can decrease toughness. Adequate results for qualification were found and EB welds reached sufficient toughness at −20 • C. Toughness of EB welds was compared to the toughness of conventional gas metal arc welds (GMAW). Finally, a recommendation for adapting the toughness characterization for narrow and overmatching seams is proposed.

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“…In Nomenclature: a, = specimen height (y direction); A, = area in the cross section of the specimen (yz plane); A C1 , = eutectoid temperature; A C3 , = austenitizing temperature; b, = specimen width (z direction); C, = specific heat; D, = density; h, = surface conductance; I, = electric current; P, = perlite phase; s, = perimeter of the cross section of the specimen (yz plane); t, = time; T, = cross-section temperature; T c , = temperature at the control thermocouple; T e , = environmental temperature; T notch , = temperature at the notch cross section; α, = ferrite phase; δ, = skin depth; ϵ m , = strain at maximum force in a tension test at low strain rates; γ, = austenite phase; λ, = thermal conductivity; μ 0 , = free space permeability; μ r , = relative permeability; ρ, = electrical resistivity; ω, = angular frequency of the electric current addition to differences in specimen size and geometry of the notch (flaw size, shape, and acuity), these techniques strongly differ in the strain rate, and correspondingly, a variety of definitions of transition temperature have emerged. The wide range of testing techniques includes tensile tests, 2 Charpy V-notch impact testing, 3,4 Pellini drop-weight tests, 5,6 impact tensile test, 7 and fracture toughness testing using compact tension and single-edge notched bend specimens. 8,9 In recent years, small punch testing 10,11 was also included in the list.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐temperature testing in a Charpy impact pendulum using in‐situ Joule heating of the specimen

Ferreirós

Alonso

Gargano

et al. 2017

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

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In this paper, an innovative approach to high‐temperature testing of subsize Charpy V notched specimens is introduced. The design concept is to heat the specimen on the specimen piece supports up to the moment of impact by flowing AC electric current through it. This approach allows a very accurate centring of the specimen with respect to the anvils and the control of their temperature up to the moment of impact. The temperature profile measured by using the in‐situ heating device on ferritic steel specimen over the notch temperature range of 400°C < T < 750°C is presented. The impact energy was measured at different temperatures going through the eutectoid phase transformation of the ferritic steel specimens, with different carbon composition, to investigate the validity of the instrumented in‐situ heating method. The method is particularly appropriate to estimate the ductile brittle transition that occurs at high temperature in some metallic alloy systems. Also, its wide range of specimen heating rate provides new research tools for studying, for example, the intermediate temperature embrittlement of metals and alloys.

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State of art of impact tensile test (ITT): Its historical development as a simulated crash test of industrial materials and presentation of new “ductile/brittle” transition diagrams

Cited by 17 publications

References 20 publications

The Influence of Rehabilitation Techniques on Static and Variabile Loads in Case of a HSLA Steel Samples

The Influence of Rehabilitation Techniques on Static and Variabile Loads in Case of a HSLA Steel Samples

Toughness evaluation of EB welds

High‐temperature testing in a Charpy impact pendulum using in‐situ Joule heating of the specimen

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