State Firearm Laws, Gun Ownership, and K-12 School Shootings: Implications for School Safety

Reeping, Paul M.; Klarevas, Louis; Rajan, Sonali; Rowhani‐Rahbar, Ali; Heinze, Justin E.; Zeoli, April M.; Goyal, Monika K.; Zimmerman, Marc A.; Branas, Charles C.

doi:10.1080/15388220.2021.2018332

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For very young children, literature reflects the most common route of exposure was through their immediate community surroundings, such as neighborhoods or schools [ 8 ]. This same literature reflects that the increasing exposure experienced by children and adolescents has noted widespread consequences ranging from impaired cognitive development to increased mental health morbidity [ 1 ]. Common findings for young children who have been exposed to gun violence include demonstrating post-traumatic stress symptoms, anxiety, and depression [ 19 ••].…”

Section: Exposure To Gun Violencementioning

confidence: 83%

“…Many children and adolescents are directly and indirectly exposed to gun violence each year through their communities, home, school, and the media. Exposure to gun violence can have devastating impacts on children associated with later psychiatric and physical health problems extending into adulthood [ 1 ]. One common finding for increased risks for adverse outcomes includes being in close proximity to violence as a child or adolescent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Reviewing the Literature on the Impact of Gun Violence on Early Childhood Development

Holloway,

Cahill,

Tieu

et al. 2023

Curr Psychiatry Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of Review To examine the impacts of gun violence on early childhood development including early childhood mental health, cognitive development, and the assessment and treatment of survivors. Recent Findings The literature reflects that gun violence exposure is often associated with significant mental health outcomes including anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and depression in older youth. Historically, studies have focused on adolescents and their exposures to gun violence through proximity to gun violence within their communities, neighborhoods, and schools. However, the impacts of gun violence on young children are less known. Summary Gun violence has significant impacts on mental health outcomes of youth aged 0–18. Few studies focus specifically on how gun violence impacts early childhood development. In light of the increase in youth gun violence over the past three decades with a significant uptick since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, continued efforts are needed to better understand how gun violence impacts early childhood development.

show abstract

Section: Exposure To Gun Violencementioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviewing the Literature on the Impact of Gun Violence on Early Childhood Development

Holloway,

Cahill,

Tieu

et al. 2023

Curr Psychiatry Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Flooding, cyclones, drought, heatwaves, storms, and earthquakes are the major natural hazards that affect children’s mental and physical health and learning ability [ 9 ]. Natural disasters are associated with an increase of 1.4 infant deaths per 1000 births; however, children are also exposed to man-made hazards, including mass casualty incidents, mass gatherings, mass shootings, and armed conflicts [ 8 , 10 ]. There are some challenging factors in obtaining an accurate number of deaths in diverse disasters, which may particularly influence the outcomes for children and other vulnerable groups.…”

Section: Disasters and Other Emergencies Caused By Natural Hazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impacts of Armed Conflicts and Civilian Uprisings on Children’s Health

Khorram‐Manesh

2022

Children

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Besides the most common causes of death, children under 14 may suffer from the consequences of disasters and emergencies caused by natural and manmade risks and hazards. These incidents may be prevented by proper risk assessment and the prevention of unnecessary deaths by increasing the safety and well-being of children. An increasing number of manmade incidents are seen in international, non-international, and domestic conflicts when government forces use heavy and light weapons within countries with autocratic leadership. These deaths should be mitigated by holding perpetrators responsible for their deeds and respecting international humanitarian law, human rights, and children’s rights.

show abstract

“…School shootings are preventable. We know that permissive state gun laws are associated with more mass shootings8 and school shootings,9 and that licensing laws for firearms and bans of large capacity magazines are associated with fewer mass shootings 10. We know that Extreme Risk Protection Orders (ERPOs) work to prevent gun violence when properly implemented 11.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We know that Extreme Risk Protection Orders (ERPOs) work to prevent gun violence when properly implemented 11. We know that the average age of a school shooter is only 16,9 and that the youngest active school shooter was only 12 9. We therefore know that the implementation of laws for strict safe storage and child access prevention (CAP) would keep firearms out of the hands of the majority of school shooters.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%