State, Communities and Forests in Contemporary Borneo

Cooke, Fadzilah Majid

doi:10.26530/oapen_459750

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…In the Malaysian context, 30% of oil palm grown in the country in 2003, was located in Sabah. Between 1990 and 2000, the area under oil palm in Sabah increased almost four-fold, from 276 000 to 1 million hectares (Majid Cooke, 2006). In 2003, the area covered by oil palm expanded to 1.2 million hectares and accounted for 55% of the estimated area under 'crops' (Majid Cooke, 2006).…”

Section: The Emergence Of the Owner Driver Informal Transport Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Between 1990 and 2000, the area under oil palm in Sabah increased almost four-fold, from 276 000 to 1 million hectares (Majid Cooke, 2006). In 2003, the area covered by oil palm expanded to 1.2 million hectares and accounted for 55% of the estimated area under 'crops' (Majid Cooke, 2006). Much of the area under oil palm (97%) is managed by large plantations, although the portion managed by smallholders increased from 1000 hectares in 1995 to 18 065 hectares in 2005 (Majid Cooke, 2006).…”

Section: The Emergence Of the Owner Driver Informal Transport Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2003, the area covered by oil palm expanded to 1.2 million hectares and accounted for 55% of the estimated area under 'crops' (Majid Cooke, 2006). Much of the area under oil palm (97%) is managed by large plantations, although the portion managed by smallholders increased from 1000 hectares in 1995 to 18 065 hectares in 2005 (Majid Cooke, 2006). In 2005, there were 2402 and 1478 smallholders in the middle Kinabatangan and Lahad Datu areas respectively (Majid Cooke, 2006).…”

Section: The Emergence Of the Owner Driver Informal Transport Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much of the area under oil palm (97%) is managed by large plantations, although the portion managed by smallholders increased from 1000 hectares in 1995 to 18 065 hectares in 2005 (Majid Cooke, 2006). In 2005, there were 2402 and 1478 smallholders in the middle Kinabatangan and Lahad Datu areas respectively (Majid Cooke, 2006). In the survey of 119 households in the larger study , only 40% of smallholders used their own vehicles to transport their FFBs, the rest using the vehicles of others; hence the creation of a demand for transport hire.…”

Section: The Emergence Of the Owner Driver Informal Transport Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

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In situ off‐farm work in the transport industry among oil palm smallholders in Sabah: Negotiating the borders of licit and illegal activities

Cooke

2009

Asia Pacific Viewpoint

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This paper examines the informal transport sector within the smallholder oil palm economies of Kinabatangan and Lahad Datu areas of eastern Sabah by looking at the metaphoric border that is constructed between licit and illegal activities that take place on roads. It describes the work of two groups of drivers, namely, those who are themselves smallholders who provide a crucial service to the community in getting their fresh fruit bunches to mills on time; and the piret (pirate) taxis who transport passengers including foreign nationals, some of whom are illegal workers. Many have been driving for some time, thereby challenging the notion about off-farm work as providing a temporary safety net to smallholders. Drivers whose permits may be current may have used illegal means (such as meminggir -logging without licence), to accumulate the initial funds for acquiring their vehicles and necessary permits. Moreover, their clients are unconcerned about their 'illegal' status. Consequently, this paper maintains that there is no agreed-upon norms about legality/ illegality, and law enforcement being uneven, the zone in which drivers operate is a fluid one.

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Section: The Emergence Of the Owner Driver Informal Transport Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Emergence Of the Owner Driver Informal Transport Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Emergence Of the Owner Driver Informal Transport Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Emergence Of the Owner Driver Informal Transport Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

In situ off‐farm work in the transport industry among oil palm smallholders in Sabah: Negotiating the borders of licit and illegal activities

Cooke

2009

Asia Pacific Viewpoint

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“…In the current landscape, forested areas have transformed into plantations for oil palm and acacia. Only small patches of forest remain that the local indigenous Iban communities deliberately preserve within their area of shifting cultivation [ 14 ]. We define this traditionally managed forest as communally reserved forests (CRFs), which are customarily reserved forests at a community level for cultural and practical use (i.e., provisioning and cultural service).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity conservation values of fragmented communally reserved forests, managed by indigenous people, in a human-modified landscape in Borneo

et al. 2017

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This study explored the conservation values of communally reserved forests (CRFs), which local indigenous communities deliberately preserve within their area of shifting cultivation. In the current landscape of rural Borneo, CRFs are the only option for conservation because other forested areas have already been logged or transformed into plantations. By analyzing their alpha and beta diversity, we investigated how these forests can contribute to restore regional biodiversity. Although CRFs were fragmented and some had been disturbed in the past, their tree species diversity was high and equivalent to that of primary forests. The species composition of intact forests and forests disturbed in the past did not differ clearly, which indicates that past logging was not intensive. All CRFs contained unique and endangered species, which are on the IUCN Red List, Sarawak protected plants, or both. On the other hand, the forest size structure differed between disturbed and intact CRFs, with the disturbed CRFs consisting of relatively smaller trees. Although the beta diversity among CRFs was also high, we found a high contribution of species replacement (turnover), but not of richness difference, in the total beta diversity. This suggests that all CRFs have a conservation value for restoring the overall regional biodiversity. Therefore, for maintaining the regional species diversity and endangered species, it would be suitable to design a conservation target into all CRFs.

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Native Customary Rights Land Titles and Thwarting Deforestation: Digital Acts of Resistance Among Sarawak’s Indigenous Peoples

Jalli¹,

Chin²

2023

New Media in the Margins

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State, Communities and Forests in Contemporary Borneo

Cited by 26 publications

References 67 publications

In situ off‐farm work in the transport industry among oil palm smallholders in Sabah: Negotiating the borders of licit and illegal activities

In situ off‐farm work in the transport industry among oil palm smallholders in Sabah: Negotiating the borders of licit and illegal activities

Biodiversity conservation values of fragmented communally reserved forests, managed by indigenous people, in a human-modified landscape in Borneo

Native Customary Rights Land Titles and Thwarting Deforestation: Digital Acts of Resistance Among Sarawak’s Indigenous Peoples

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