Neuroscientists often propose detailed computational models to probe the properties of their studied neural systems. With the advent of neuromorphic engineering, there * emre@ini.phys.ethz.ch † btoth@physics.ucsd.edu 1 is an increasing number of hardware electronic analogs of biological neural systems being proposed as well. However, for both biological and hardware systems, it is often difficult to estimate the parameters of the model such that they are meaningful to the studied experimental system, especially when these models involve a large number of states and parameters which cannot be simultaneously measured. We have developed a procedure to solve this problem in the context of interacting neural populations using a recently developed Dynamic State and Parameter Estimation (DSPE) technique.This technique uses synchronization as a tool for dynamically coupling experimentally measured data to its corresponding model to determine its parameters and internal state variables. While in its conventional use, the experimental data is obtained from the biological neural system, and the model is simulated in software, here we show that this technique is also efficient in validating proposed network models for neuromorphic spike-based Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) chips, and that it is able to systematically extract network parameters such as synaptic weights, time constants and other variables which are not accessible by direct observation. Our results suggest that this method can become a very useful tool for model-based identification and configuration of neuromorphic multi-chip VLSI systems.