Starvation resistance and metabolic response to food deprivation and recovery feeding in Fenneropenaeus chinensis juveniles

Abstract

Starvation resistance in the juveniles of Chinese shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis Osbeck, was studied by point-of-no-return (PNR) and point-of-reserve-saturation (PRS) experiments. Changes in oxygen consumption rate, ammonia-N excretion rate, and oxygen consumed to nitrogen excreted (O:N) ratio were investigated immediately before and after the period of recovery feeding for each regime to assess metabolic response during starvation and refeeding. There was a significant change in survival rate and wet weight of test shrimp throughout the PNR and PRS experiments (P \ 0.05). The estimated PNR and PRS for F. chinensis juveniles could be directly calculated from the selected equations as PNR 50 = 7.86 days, PNR 100 = 21.42 days, PRS 0 = 1.16 days, and PRS 50 = 11.75 days. A decrease in metabolic rate during starvation as a means of conserving energy was found in F. chinensis juveniles. Furthermore, although F. chinensis juveniles only utilized protein as an energy source during starvation, they showed a shift from pure protein during starvation to an equal utilization of protein and lipid or a lipid-carbohydrate mixture during later satiate feeding. The results in the present study indicate that F. chinensis juveniles have the ability to withstand and recover from relatively prolonged starvation after longer initial feeding periods. The knowledge derived from the understanding of starvation resistance and the corresponding metabolic response of F. chinensis juveniles will be useful in the design of feeding regimes in this species.

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“…The results in the present study also indicate that P. monodon have the ability to with stand and recover from periodic starvation after cyclic feeding periods. This agrees with the findings of Zhang et al (2009), in case of the Chinese shrimp F. chinensis.…”

Starvation resistance in juvenile freshwater crayfish

“…Most studies of nutritional effects on decapods, however, focus on marine species (e.g. Liddy et al 2003, Bas et al 2008, Zhang et al 2009, Gebauer et al 2010, while less have been carried out on freshwater species (Jones & Obst 2000, Anger & Hayd 2009, Powell & Watts 2010.…”

“…Most studies of nutritional effects on decapods, however, focus on marine species (e.g. Liddy et al 2003, Bas et al 2008, Zhang et al 2009, Gebauer et al 2010, while less have been carried out on freshwater species (Jones & Obst 2000, Anger & Hayd 2009, Powell & Watts 2010.Using larvae of the spider crab Hyas araneus as a model, Anger & Dawirs (1981) demonstrated, for the first time in a decapod crustacean, the existence of 2 nutritionally critical points, for which they coined the terms 'point-of-reserve-saturation' (PRS) and 'pointof-no-return' (PNR). The PRS is defined as the minimum time of initial feeding, after which enough energy reserves have been accumulated for successful completion of a larval molting cycle, independent of later presence or absence of food.…”

Comparing the Response of the Brown ShrimpCrangon crangon(Linnaeus, 1758) to Prolonged Deprivation of Food in Two Seasons

“…These experiments have been used to describe the biochemical and physiological adaptation as well as to determine the energetic requirements of several crustaceans (Guderley et al 2003, Comoglio et al 2005, Comoglio et al 2008, Zhang et al 2009). In these experiments it is assumed that a well fed animal will have plenty of reserves, while an animal in low nutritional condition (low weight, low energy content) will have its reserves depleted.…”

“…Some authors refer that the crustaceans' metabolism is primarily based in glycogen and fatty acids; in contrast, decreased levels of protein have been noted during fasting in several marine decapods (Welsh 1975, Barclay et al 1983, Dall & Smith 1986, Wen et al 2006, Comoglio et al 2008, Zhang et al 2009). …”