Starvation and nutrient resuscitation of <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> isolated from oil well waters

Lappin‐Scott, Hilary M.; Cusack, F.; MacLeod, Anna; Costerton, J. W.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1988.tb02445.x

Cited by 42 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…When removing the implants from the mice it was observed that the bacterial cells had gained an altered morphology, as compared to the rod shape they possessed at insertion. This is a well-known phenomenon observed when Gram-negative cells such as P. aeruginosa adapt to environments which provide conditions that sustain only slow or no growth (Clegg et al, 1996;Givskov et al, 1994;Lappin-Scott et al, 1988). Since this phenomenon was observed with both the QS mutant and wild-type strain, change in morphology does not seem to be the reason for the slower clearing of wildtype bacteria from the implants as compared to the mutant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Impact of Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing on biofilm persistence in an in vivo intraperitoneal foreign-body infection model

et al. 2007

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen that causes chronic biofilm-based infections in host organisms. P. aeruginosa employs quorum sensing (QS) to control expression of its virulence, and to establish and maintain chronic infections. Under such conditions, the biofilm mode of growth contributes significantly to P. aeruginosa tolerance to the action of the innate and adaptive defence system and numerous antibiotics. In the present study, an in vivo foreign-body infection model was established in the peritoneal cavity of mice. Experimental data showed that QS-deficient P. aeruginosa are cleared more rapidly from silicone implants as compared to their wild-type counterparts. Concurrently, treatment with the QS inhibitor furanone C-30 of mice harbouring implants colonized with the wild-type P. aeruginosa resulted in a significantly faster clearing of the implants as compared to the placebo-treated group. These results were obtained with both an inbred (BALB/c) and an outbred (NMRI) mouse strain. The present results support a model by which functional QS systems play a pivotal role in the ability of bacteria to resist clearing by the innate immune system and strongly suggest that the efficiency of the mouse innate defence against biofilm-forming P. aeruginosa is improved when the bacteria are treated with QS drugs that induce QS deficiency. INTRODUCTIONIn the USA, microbial infections on medical implants occur in more than 2 million surgical cases each year and infection is the main cause of biomedical implant failure (Emerson & Camesano, 2004;Gristina, 1987;Verkerke et al., 1997). One explanation gaining momentum is that the biofilm mode of growth protects the colonizing bacteria and enables them to withstand host immune responses and exhibit high tolerance to treatment with the highest deliverable doses of antibiotics Costerton et al., 1999;Hentzer et al., 2003; Høiby et al., 2001; Middleton et al., 2002;Singh et al., 2002). In general, infections on foreign bodies will not be cleared until the implants have been removed from the body (Neut et al., 2005), and unfortunately reimplantation has a high failure rate and is prone to recolonization by similar problem-causing bacteria (Cherney & Amstutz, 1983).One particularly notorious biofilm former that is known to cause infections on medically implanted foreign bodies is Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Braxton et al., 2005; Neut et al., 2005). P. aeruginosa uses cell-to-cell communication or quorum sensing (QS) to control the production and secretion of virulence factors, which, deployed at the right time and place, enables evasion of the host defences (Fuqua et al., 1994). By producing and receiving small diffusible Nacyl-L-homoserine lactone (AHL) signal molecules, the bacteria are able to monitor their own population size and Abbreviations: AHL, N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone; BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; C4-HSL, N-butanoyl-L-homoserine lactone; CLSM, confocal laser scanning microscopy; GFP, green fluorescent protein; 3-oxo-C12-HSL, N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Impact of Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing on biofilm persistence in an in vivo intraperitoneal foreign-body infection model

et al. 2007

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“…3). Reductive cell division, with concomitant changes in cell shape from rods to cocci, has been reported for many different gramnegative bacteria, including K. pneumoniae, E. coli, Vibrio sp., and Pseudomonas putida (6,16,19,22). Reductive cell division increases the probability that some cells of the clonal population will subsequently encounter nutrients and increase the surface area, allowing for more efficient uptake of nutrients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation to nutrient starvation in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli: analysis of survival, stress resistance, and changes in macromolecular synthesis during entry to and exit from stationary phase

Thorne

Williams

1997

J Bacteriol

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The nitrogen-fixing bacterium Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli often has to survive long periods of starvation in the soil, when not in a useful symbiotic relationship with leguminous plants. We report that it can survive carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus starvation for at least 2 months with little loss of viability. Upon carbon starvation, R. leguminosarum cells were found to undergo reductive cell division. During this period, they acquired the potential for long-term starvation-survival, levels of protein, DNA, and RNA synthesis were decreased to base levels, and pool mRNA was stabilized. The starved cells are ready to rapidly restart growth when nutrients become available. Upon addition of fresh nutrients, there is an immediate increase in the levels of macromolecular synthesis, pool mRNA destabilizes, and the cultures enter exponential growth within 5 to 8 h. The starved cells were cross-protected against pH, heat, osmotic, and oxidative shock. These results provide evidence for a general starvation response in R. leguminosarum similar to that previously found in other bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Vibrio sp.Nongrowth is probably the rule rather than the exception in most natural environments, including soil, with the majority of bacteria spending most of their time in nutrient-limited stationary phase (15,31). Bacteria have evolved a number of mechanisms that allow them to survive under nutrient starvation conditions and to resume growth once nutrients become available again. Some bacteria, such as bacilli, clostridia, and azospirilli, undergo major differentiation programs leading to the formation of highly stress resistant endospores or cysts (3, 32). However, even without the formation of such elaborately differentiated cells, bacteria enter starvation-induced programs that allow them to survive long periods of nongrowth and to restart growth when nutrients become available again. This often leads to the formation of metabolically less active cells that are more resistant to a wide range of environmental stresses (4,15,16,24,28,34). This adaptation to starvation conditions is often accompanied by a change in cell size as well as the induction of genes and the stabilization of proteins that are essential for long-term survival. The best-studied examples of starvation-survival in nondifferentiating bacteria are Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Vibrio sp. strain S14, which show qualitative similarities in their survival responses (4,16,27,29,39).There is little known about the starvation-survival of bacteria indigenous to soil (41). Most carbon in soil is present as recalcitrant compounds, such as humic substances and lignins, that may also complex available compounds (25), and so soil can be considered an oligotrophic environment (45). The resulting low amount of available carbon in soil generally precludes bacterial growth, and it is estimated that soil microbes typically receive sufficient energy for just a few cell divisions per year (7,33). Nutrients may become available local...

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“…Morita (43). Another postdoctoral fellow, Hilary LappinScott, along with graduate student Alex MacLeod and technician Fran Cusack, showed that starved Gram-negative isolates from oil fields could be injected into porous model rock cores and then resuscitated into forming biofilm-producing plugs that forced injection water into less-porous oil-bearing rock, thus enhancing secondary oil production (32,36).…”

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confidence: 99%

Training the Biofilm Generation—a Tribute to J. W. Costerton

2012

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Starvation and nutrient resuscitation of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from oil well waters

Cited by 42 publications

References 26 publications

Impact of Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing on biofilm persistence in an in vivo intraperitoneal foreign-body infection model

Impact of Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing on biofilm persistence in an in vivo intraperitoneal foreign-body infection model

Adaptation to nutrient starvation in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli: analysis of survival, stress resistance, and changes in macromolecular synthesis during entry to and exit from stationary phase

Training the Biofilm Generation—a Tribute to J. W. Costerton

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