Starch nanoparticle incorporation in latex-based adhesives

Zhang, Yujie; Cunningham, Michael F.; Smeets, Niels M. B.; Dubé, Marc A.

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.07.014

Cited by 25 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…To achieve the encapsulation of SNPs, experimental grade SNPs were modified in a glass RC1e reactor (500 mL, Mettler‐Toledo) based on a procedure developed previously 11,12. SNPs were first crosslinked with 1 wt% STMP and 3 wt% NaHCO 3 at pH 10.5 ± 0.1 for 2 h at 60 °C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modified SNPs were encapsulated into the acrylic polymer shell (BA/MMA/AA, 93/5/2, wt%) using a standard semi‐batch emulsion polymerization formulation ( Table 1 ). 11,12 All latexes had 15 wt% SNP loading (relative to total polymer weight) and 40 wt% latex solids. Polymerization was performed at 60 °C under nitrogen atmosphere.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solids content and conversion were measured using a gravimetric method 11. To measure particle size, dynamic light scattering (DLS) with a Malvern NanoS Zetasizer at an angle of 173° was used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One direct approach is to replace petroleum‐based monomers with those obtained from natural resources (e.g., starch, vegetable oils, cellulose, lignin). Thus, we introduced starch nanoparticles (SNP) into conventional emulsion formulations 11,12. It was shown that the straightforward addition of SNPs in a blend with an acrylic latex yielded poor tack and peel strength results (but good shear strength results), due to the poor interaction between the SNPs and stainless steel substrate used for adhesive testing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was shown that the straightforward addition of SNPs in a blend with an acrylic latex yielded poor tack and peel strength results (but good shear strength results), due to the poor interaction between the SNPs and stainless steel substrate used for adhesive testing. Thus, we developed an approach to produce core‐shell (SNP core/acrylic polymer shell) latex particles for PSA applications thereby avoiding direct contact between the SNPs and the stainless steel substrate 11. This allowed us to encapsulate significant amounts of SNPs (up to 45 wt%) without generating latex stability issues 12.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modification of Adhesive and Latex Properties for Starch Nanoparticle‐Based Pressure Sensitive Adhesives

Zhang

Cunningham

Dubé

2019

Macro Reaction Engineering

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Starch nanoparticle (SNP)‐based pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) with core‐shell particle morphology (starch nanoparticle core/acrylic polymer shell) are produced via seeded, semi‐batch emulsion polymerization at 15 wt% SNP loading (relative to total polymer weight) and 40 wt% latex solids. Crosslinker and chain transfer agent (CTA) are introduced to the acrylic shell polymer formulation at a range of concentrations according to a 32 factorial design to tailor the latex and adhesive properties of SNP‐based latexes. The crosslinker and CTA show no significant effect on polymerization kinetics, particle size, and viscosity. Latex gel content is predicted using an empirical model, which is a function of crosslinker and CTA concentration. Both the gel content and glass transition temperature strongly affect the adhesive properties (tack, peel strength, and shear strength) of the SNP‐based latex films. 3D response surfaces for the adhesive properties are constructed to facilitate the design of SNP‐based PSAs with desired properties.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modification of Adhesive and Latex Properties for Starch Nanoparticle‐Based Pressure Sensitive Adhesives

Zhang

Cunningham

Dubé

2019

Macro Reaction Engineering

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Emulsion Polymerization

Sundberg¹,

Michael²

2020

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Emulsion polymerization has been practiced for nearly a century, but its basic mechanisms were not understood until much later. The product of this polymerization method is called a latex and its vast array of properties continues to be developed by utilizing the nanoparticle characteristics of such aqueous dispersions (∼10 18 particles/L). Due to the compartmentalization of the active, free radicals within separate particles, one can achieve high reaction rates and high polymer molecular weights at the same time—a unique feature of emulsion polymerization. At the same time, the resulting latex has low viscosity and high heat capacity, even at 50% polymer content, because water is the dispersing agent. Over the years, latex technology has evolved to include composite polymer nanoparticles with two or more phase‐separated regions within them. Further extensions continue to be made that result in hybrid latex particles in which one component is not created via standard emulsion polymerization processes (eg, metal oxides, alkyd resin, and polyurethane), but a second component is created in that manner. Other new processing techniques have also been developed to avoid some of the mechanistic restrictions of standard emulsion polymerization (particle nucleation via micellar initiation, poor water solubility of some vinyl monomers) leading to “miniemulsion polymerization” systems. Further extensions have resulted in “microemulsion polymerizations” in which the final, dispersed particle sizes are smaller than the wavelength of visible light.

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Sustainable polymer reaction engineering: Are we there yet?

et al. 2020

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Polymers are a class of materials that provide unparalleled benefits to humanity, fulfilling countless needs in an exceedingly broad range of applications. Because of their ubiquity and current ways of producing them, polymers also pose significant challenges to the environment. Inspired by a previous publication on sustainable polymer reaction engineering, an update is provided on the latest trends in the use of renewable starting materials for polymers, efforts in process intensification and water-based polymerization, as well as approaches to dealing with the end of the polymers' application life. We seek to answer the question about how far along we are regarding the achievement of completely sustainable polymer processes.

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Starch nanoparticle incorporation in latex-based adhesives

Cited by 25 publications

References 43 publications

Modification of Adhesive and Latex Properties for Starch Nanoparticle‐Based Pressure Sensitive Adhesives

Modification of Adhesive and Latex Properties for Starch Nanoparticle‐Based Pressure Sensitive Adhesives

Emulsion Polymerization

Sustainable polymer reaction engineering: Are we there yet?

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