Starch materials as biocompatible supports and procedure for fast separation of macrophages

Abstract

Different starch derivatives were evaluated as supports for attachment and recovery of macrophages (RAW 264.7 line). Gelatinized starch (G-St), acetate starch (Ac-St), carboxymethyl starch and aminoethyl starch were synthesized and characterized by FTIR, H NMR, SEM and static water contact angle. These polymers are filmogenic and may coat well the holder devices used for macrophage adhesion. They also present a susceptibility to mild hydrolysis with alpha-amylase, liberating the adhered macrophages. Cell counts, percentage of dead cells and level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were used to evaluate the possible interaction between macrophages and starch films. The high percentage of cell adhesion (90-95% on G-St and on Ac-St) associated with enzymatic detachment of macrophages from film-coated inserts, resulted in higher viabilities compared with those obtained with cells detached by current methods scrapping or vortex. This novel method allows a fast macrophage separation, with excellent yields and high viability of recovered cells.

Competitive Biological Activities of Chitosan and Its Derivatives: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anticancer, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities

“…They possess a wide range of molecular weights and a significant number of functional groups that give a rise to chemical modification availability [3]. Among the many different sorts of polysaccharides, cellulose (bacterial cellulose and nanocellulose) [4][5][6][7][8][9], starch [10][11][12][13][14], seaweed (alginate, carrageenan, fucoidan, and ulvan) [15][16][17][18], chitin, and chitosan are mainly studied. Due to their attractive abilities to improve the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of small drug, protein, and enzyme molecules, macromolecular polysaccharides have been receiving significant attention [2,3].…”

“…Anticancer and antitumor activity of chitosan involved preparations tested in various cancer cells. SBCS 2 : sulfated benzaldehyde chitosan; CS 3 : chitosan; docetaxel-CN 4 : docetaxel-loaded chitosan nanoparticle; FA-CS-UA-NPs 5 : folate-chitosan nanoparticles loaded with ursolic acid; MCN6 : magnetic chitosan nanoparticles; CA 7 : chitosan-alginate; CS-EGCG NP8 : chitosan nanoparticles encapsulating epigallocatechin-3-gallate; GC-based CNP9 : glycol chitosan-based chitosan nanoparticles; CHGC10 : glycol chitosan; FA-CS PLGA NP11 : folic acid conjugated-chitosan functionalized poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles; CS-AGR2 siRNA NP12 : chitosan-based AGR2 siRNA nanoparticle; CSHA13 : hyaluronan-(HA-) grafted chitosan; bio-CS NP14 : biotinylated chitosan nanoparticles; CLCS NP 15 : curcumin-loaded chitosan-coated nanoparticles.…”

Ampholytic and Polyelectrolytic Starch as Matrices for Controlled Drug Delivery

“…The polyelectrolytic complexes were produced by i) co-processing by spray drying (SD), ii) homogenization of powders by direct physical mixing (dry mixed (DM)), iii) the third product was: TMACMS, an ampholytic starch carrying carboxylic groups (CM) and quaternary amine groups (TMA) on the same starch backbone synthesized in an one-step chemical process by adding simultaneously SMCA and GTMAC to the gelatinized starch. To synthesize polyelectrolytic complexes, CMS and TMAS were prepared separately using almost the same steps as in previous described by Sakeer et al [32], slightly modified as follows: 25 g of native starch (Hylon VII) were dispersed in 200 mL of distilled water under stirring and 300 mL of 5 M NaOH were added continuing the stirring for 1h to obtain a gelatinized starch. Then an amount of 18.75 g of SMCA, rapidly dissolved in a minimal water volume was added to prepare CMS.…”

Synthesis, characterization, and antifungal evaluation of novel 1,2,3-triazolium-functionalized starch derivative

“…1(a) and it exhibits distinct absorption bonds at 3428, 2927, and 1072 cm -1 . The broad band at around 3428 cm -1 is attributed to -OH stretching vibration of starch molecules [5,7,24]. The characteristic band at 2927 cm -1 indicates the presence of methylene [5,25].…”

“…A number of interesting properties such as source universality, renewable, non-toxicity, biodegradable, and biocompatible facilitate a certain degree of applications of starch in biomedicine, biomaterials, and textile areas [4][5][6][7]. Rich in free available hydroxyl groups of anhydroglucose units, starch can be functionalized by chemical modification via introduction of the individual functional moieties to further improve the bioactivities and broaden application scopes of new valuable biomaterials based on starch [1,5,[8][9][10].…”