Starch Digestion Rate in the Small Intestine of Broiler Chickens Differs among Feedstuffs

Weurding, R. E.; Veldman, A.; Veen, W. A. G.; Aar, P.J. van de; Verstegen, M.W.A.

doi:10.1093/jn/131.9.2329

Cited by 154 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, earlier studies have illustrated that decreasing sorghum particle size can improve both starch and protein digestibility (Luce et al, 1970). The in vitro digestibility of starch in cassava, wheat, maize and sorghum has been shown to be 92.1, 84.1, 74.6 and 69.4%, respectively (Weurding et al, 2001).…”

Section: Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in Nutrient Composition of Cassava Pulp and its Effects on in vitro Digestibility

Chauynaron¹,

Bhuiyan²,

Kanto³

et al. 2015

Asian J. of Poultry Science

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the variation in nutrient composition of cassava pulp from four different sources (starch manufacturers) in Thailand. Moisture content varied with drying process, being lowest in the oven-dried product and highest in the sample that was sun-dried. Gross energy content ranged between 16.2 and 16.84 MJ kgG 1 while fat, crude protein starch contents were approximately 0.4-0.9, 2.0-4.0 and 37.0-75.0%, respectively. The sun-dried pulp from Chonburi contained the highest concentration of calcium, sodium, magnesium, iron and manganese. Phosphorus and potassium were 0.32-0.63 and 2.28-8.86 mg kgG 1 , respectively. The amino acid contents in cassava pulp were low, in line with the protein content (1.39-2.45%). Lysine, methionine and isoleucine were 0.82-1.24, 0.06-0.18 and 0.54 -1.40 mg gG 1 , respectively. Most of the Non-Starch Polysaccharides (NSP) were in insoluble forms (approximately 40-90 g kgG 1 ) whereas soluble NSP was between 13.93 and 16.21 g kgG 1 . The main sugars in the insoluble NSP were xylose, galactose and mannose.

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Section: Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in Nutrient Composition of Cassava Pulp and its Effects on in vitro Digestibility

Chauynaron¹,

Bhuiyan²,

Kanto³

et al. 2015

Asian J. of Poultry Science

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“…For instance, an elevated apparent digestibility coefficient within the 0·5 region suggests enhanced digestion and a more rapid uptake of glucose. However, it is unclear whether a diet containing rapidly, in contrast to slowly, digestible starch is more beneficial for the piglet, although there is some evidence that the latter may lead to better overall performance in broiler chickens (6) . In contrast, a low apparent digestibility coefficient indicates that a significant amount of starch has escaped digestion in the small intestine and is subsequently available for fermentation within the large intestine (7) .…”

Section: Piglets: Cereals: Starch Digestibility: Prediction: In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting in vivo starch digestibility coefficients in newly weaned piglets from in vitro assessment of diets using multivariate analysis

et al. 2009

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The study was based on correlating a dataset of in vivo mean starch digestibility coefficients obtained in the immediate post-weaning phase of piglets with a range of dietary in vitro variables. The paper presents a model that predicts (R 2 0·71) in vivo average starch digestibility coefficients in the 0·5 small-intestinal region of newly weaned piglets fed cereal-based diets using seven in vitro variables describing starch properties that are fundamentally associated with the quality of feed materials, i.e. hydration, structure and amylolytic digestion. The variables were: Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA; measures the viscosity of materials when sheared under defined hydration and temperature regimens); RVA end viscosity; RVA (gelatinisation) peak viscosity; DH (gelatinisation enthalpy that provides an estimate of helical order or degree of crystallinity in starch); water solubility index (WSI; that denotes the amount of soluble polysaccharides released from starch granules to the aqueous phase); grain endogenous amylase (concentration of endogenous a-amylase in cereals, assessed by pasting cereal flours in 25 g of AgNO 3 , an amylase inhibitor v. water using RVA). Piglets: Cereals: Starch digestibility: Prediction: In vitro assessmentAs starch is the major energy-yielding component of nonruminant diets, its apparent digestibility in the small intestine is an important variable which governs the dietary energy value of compound diets (1) . In young piglets, this variable has been shown to be considerably reduced in both the mid (0·5) and distal (0·75) regions of the small intestine (regions taken proportionally at 0·5 and 0·75 along from the gastric pylorus to the ileo-caecal valve, respectively) in the period following weaning, when the animal is introduced to a diet based on raw cereals (2,3) . This reduction in starch digestion can, however, be lessened when cereals are processed, with extrusion under controlled conditions appearing to be a more favourable treatment than micronisation (4) . The digestibility of starch at weaning may be an important consideration in helping to alleviate, in part, the post-weaning growth-check commonly observed. The growth-check, resulting from a period of underfeeding along with a number of environmental and psychological stresses, can greatly compromise the overall growing and finishing performance of the animal (5) . The recent removal of in-feed antibiotic growth promoters in the European Union may exacerbate this problem.The optimum apparent digestibility of starch in the 0·5 and 0·75 small-intestinal regions of the young piglet remains unknown. For instance, an elevated apparent digestibility coefficient within the 0·5 region suggests enhanced digestion and a more rapid uptake of glucose. However, it is unclear whether a diet containing rapidly, in contrast to slowly, digestible starch is more beneficial for the piglet, although there is some evidence that the latter may lead to better overall performance in broiler chickens (6) . In contrast, a low apparent digestibility coef...

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“…Extensive studies have shown that the digestibility of dietary carbohydrates in swine is largely affected by their source, structure and composition as well as by the activities of digestive enzymes (Cone and Vlot, 1990;Franco et al, 1992;Leclere et al, 1993;Weurding et al, 2001). Much evidence also showed that the rate of glucose absorption was tested from the portal vein of pigs (Rerat, 1985;Vaugelade et al, 1994;van der Meulen et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary starch sources affect net portal appearance of amino acids and glucose in growing pigs

Dai

Yin

et al. 2008

Animal

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Four male pigs (Duroc 3 Landrace 3 Yorkshire; average initial (mean 6 SEM) BW 5 22.5 6 1.1 kg), fitted with permanent catheters in the portal vein, ileal vein and carotid artery, were used in a 4 3 4 Latin square experimental design to measure the effect of dietary starch sources on the net portal appearance of glucose and amino acids. Dietary starch sources were resistant starch (RS), maize, sticky rice and brown rice. Diets were provided at 0730, 1530 and 2330 h during a 6-day adjustment period and 1-day collection period. On day 7 of each period, blood samples were collected from the portal vein and carotid artery at 0730 h (prior to feeding) and hourly up to 8 h after meal. Blood samples were used to determine glucose, amino acid, packed cell volume and partial pressure of oxygen (pO 2 ). When calculated per 100 g feed intake, cumulative portal glucose appearance was lower (P , 0.05) for resistant starch than for maize, sticky rice or brown rice up to 8 h after the meal. Cumulative portal glucose appearance was higher (P , 0.05) for sticky rice and brown rice than for other diets until 4 h after the meal, but maize had higher cumulative glucose appearance after 4 h. Net cumulative portal concentrations of most amino acids for resistant starch were also reduced (P , 0.05) than for the other starch sources. Cumulative portal appearance of amino acid represented 48.39%, 63.76%, 61.80% and 59.18% of dietary intake for resistant starch, maize, sticky rice and brown rice, respectively. Collectively, our results indicate that dietary starch sources substantially affect the appearance of amino acids and glucose in the portal circulation.

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Starch Digestion Rate in the Small Intestine of Broiler Chickens Differs among Feedstuffs

Cited by 154 publications

References 19 publications

Variation in Nutrient Composition of Cassava Pulp and its Effects on in vitro Digestibility

Variation in Nutrient Composition of Cassava Pulp and its Effects on in vitro Digestibility

Predicting in vivo starch digestibility coefficients in newly weaned piglets from in vitro assessment of diets using multivariate analysis

Dietary starch sources affect net portal appearance of amino acids and glucose in growing pigs

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