“…One common method involves the use of (3-chloro-2hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC) ( Figure 4b) (Bayat Tork, Khalilzadeh, & Kouchakzadeh, 2017; Butrim, Bil'dyukevich, Butrim, & Yurkshtovich, 2016;Huang et al, 2019). Some other strategies that have been commonly applied to cellulose have also been applied to starch, to include carboxymethylation (Cai et al, 2019;Jiang et al, 2019;Li, Wu et al, 2019;Zhang, Pan et al, 2017;Zhang, Chi et al, 2017;Zhang, Tao, Niu, Li, & Chen, 2017), hydroxypropylation (Fang, Fu, Tao, Liu, & Cui (Li et al, 2020;Zhang, Ding, Gu, Tan, & Zhu, 2015;Zhao et al, 2015). Oxidation of C6 hydroxyl groups with catalytic TEMPO and bleach can be accomplished in a facile and environmentally friendly route in aqueous media (Figure 4d).…”