Starch Based Composites for Packaging Applications

Gupta, Kapil

doi:10.1002/9781118203699.ch8

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The densities of jute and coir were 1415 and 1105 kg/m 3 , respectively. These parameters were corroborated with those reported in previous studies (Defoirdt et al, 2010;Gupta, 2011). The permeability of natural fibre drains, capturing their micro-features Nguyen and Indraratna from square and rectangular to irregular ones.…”

Section: Experimental Investigation Into the Permeability Of Fibre Drsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…and Thailand (Rahman, 2010). Coir fibre extracted from coconut husks contains more than 40% lignin (Gupta, 2011), making it more robust and durable than other natural fibres such as jute, which contains more than 80% cellulose and only around 12% lignin (Som et al, 2009). Note that more lignin means that the fibre can resist biodegradation better.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The permeability of natural fibre drains, capturing their micro-features

Nguyên

Indraratna

2017

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Impr

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Natural fibres such as jute and coir are emerging as distinct alternatives to synthetic geomaterials, and in recent years they have been used increasingly for drainage and filtration in field applications. However, these naturally occurring materials are extremely variable in micro-characteristics such as the size, uniformity and shape of their fibres, while there is a lack of studies addressing how these differences can affect the hydraulic behaviour of fibrous media. This paper offers a laboratory study of the influence of micro-features on the hydraulic conductivity of fibre drain. Non-twisted and twisted fibre drains made from jute and coir were subjected to hydraulic conductivity testing and micro-analyses. Experimental results show a considerable contribution of the size characteristics of fibre to the hydraulic behaviour of the drain. A less-rounded shape of fibre and a larger twisting angle of the drain can increase the fluid-fibre contact area and the corresponding tortuosity of flow, which significantly reduces the drain permeability. The way in which the Kozeny-Carmen analytical approach can be adopted to predict the permeability of a fibre drain is discussed based on the experimental results, considering various micro-factors including the size of fibre, uniformity and the associated porosity. 2Natural fibres such as jute and coir are emerging as distinct alternatives to synthetic geomaterials, and in recent years they have been used increasingly for drainage and filtration in field applications. However, these naturally occurring materials are extremely variable in micro-characteristics such as the size, uniformity and shape of their fibres, while there is a lack of studies addressing how these differences can affect the hydraulic behaviour of fibrous media. This paper offers a laboratory study of the influence of micro-features on the hydraulic conductivity of fibre drain. Non-twisted and twisted fibre drains made from jute and coir were subjected to hydraulic conductivity testing and micro-analyses. Experimental results show a considerable contribution of the size characteristics of fibre to the hydraulic behaviour of the drain. A less-rounded shape of fibre and a larger twisting angle of the drain can increase the fluid-fibre contact area and the corresponding tortuosity of flow, which significantly reduces the drain permeability. The way in which the Kozeny-Carmen analytical approach can be adopted to predict the permeability of a fibre drain is discussed based on the experimental results, considering various micro-factors including the size of fibre, uniformity and the associated porosity.The most commonly used natural fibres in geoengineering are jute and coir, with India and Sri Lanka being the major producers of coir fibre, followed by Thailand, Vietnam, the Philippines and Indonesia (Ali, 2010), while more than 90% of the world's jute is manufactured in

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Section: Experimental Investigation Into the Permeability Of Fibre Drsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The permeability of natural fibre drains, capturing their micro-features

Nguyên

Indraratna

2017

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Ground Impr

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“…Of these, coir and jute are the most preferable due to their abundance in 74 developing nations in South and Southeast Asia. Coir fibre consists of approximately 40-45% 75 lignin and 35-45% cellulose components (Gupta 2011) that make this fibre more robust and 76 durable than jute which only has around 12% lignin (Som et al 2009). In this study, dry 77 brown coir fibres provided by the National Jute Board of India (NJBI) were used to generate 78 fibre drains which were then subjected to an experimental investigation into their hydraulic 79 behaviour.…”

Section: Fibrous Drain 70mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and numerical investigations into hydraulic behaviour of coir fibre drain

Nguyên

Indraratna

2017

Can. Geotech. J.

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Over many decades, natural fibre bundles have been widely used for drainage and filtration applications because of their favourable hydraulic conductivity and abundance in Asian countries. In recent times, natural (biodegradable) coir and jute drains, which are environmentally friendly, have been considered in lieu of conventional geosynthetic wick drains for soft clay consolidation in Australian coastal regions. However, there is a lack of a computational framework to predict the hydraulic behaviour of fibre drains on the basis of micromechanical (fabric) characteristics. Employing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) coupled with the discrete element method (DEM) to model the hydraulic behaviour of fibrous materials has shown promise in an earlier 2016 study by Nguyen and Indraratna, which considered an idealized parallel arrangement of fibres for simplicity. This paper aims to broaden the application of the coupled CFD-DEM technique to real fibres (coconut coir) considering both nontwisted and twisted fibre bundles that have more complex porous structure. The hydraulic conductivity determined from the numerical approach is validated with the experimental results, and also compared with the analytical prediction based on the conventional Kozeny-Carmen (KC) approach. The current study shows that the CFD-DEM technique can capture well the fluid flow characteristics of a nonuniform fibrous structure, including dense twisted coir bundles.Abstract 5 Over many decades, natural fibre bundles have been used widely for drainage and 6 filtration applications because of their favourable hydraulic conductivity and abundance in 7 Asian countries. In recent times, natural (biodegradable) coir and jute drains that are 8 environmentally-friendly have been considered in lieu of conventional geosynthetic wick 9 drains for soft clay consolidation in Australian coastal regions. However there is a lack of 10 computational framework to predict the hydraulic behaviour of fibre drains on the basis of 11 micromechanical (fabric) characteristics. Employing the Computational Fluid Dynamics 12 (CFD) coupled with the Discrete Element Method (DEM) to model the hydraulic behaviour 13 of fibrous materials has shown promise in an earlier study (Nguyen and Indraratna 2016), 14 which considered an idealised parallel arrangement of fibres for simplicity. This paper aims 15 to broaden the application of the coupled CFD-DEM technique to real fibres (coconut coir) 16 considering both non-twisted and twisted fibre bundles that have more complex porous 17 structure. The hydraulic conductivity determined from the numerical approach is validated 18 with the experimental results, and also compared to the analytical prediction based on the 19 conventional Kozeny-Carmen (KC) approach. The current study shows that the CFD-DEM 20 technique can capture well the fluid flow characteristics of a non-uniform fibrous structure, 21 including dense twisted coir bundles. 22

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“…Gupta addressed the use of starch based bioplastic as a packaging material [4]. Pilla evaluated the potential use of bioplastics for its becoming widespread use in the packaging sector, civil engineering, biomedical uses, automotive and general engineering, mainly in consumer goods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Starch is a polysachharide, "generally extracted from the plant by wet milling process" and is used as a starting material for a wide range of green biomaterials. About 75% of all organic material exists in the form of polysaccharides [4,189]. Some of different sources of starch are corn, pea, oat, potato/sweet/white, water chestnut, wheat, chestnut, banana, rye, tapioca, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking sustainability: A research on starch based bioplastic

Gökçe¹

2018

jscmt

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Based on the need to rely on sustainable feedstock, depend less on fossil resources and decrease carbon emissions, biomaterials and bioplastics as substitutes of conventional petroleum based plastics have been the focus of many material scientists, architects and industrial product designers. Therefore, this article is an experimentation on the possibilities of starch based bioplastic production. The focus of the article is to understand the limits of this new material and figure out whether starch based bioplastic material can be used in architecture, both as a facade material and an interior space furnishing. Based on Steven's bioplastic formula, starch based bioplastic is produced handmade as a surface and cubic specimens with different developed variations in this article. Different starch types, such as potato, corn, wheat and tapioca are tested and mixed with pellets known as local agricultural waste, natural fibers and aggregates. Within the research bioplastic produced from potato starch is formed and molded firstly as a sheet and secondly as a three-dimensional material and tested for vulnerability and durability. The research expands to understanding how organic and inorganic interventions can be made in order to increase the life span of the material, make it durable and resistant to humid and weather conditions. It is observed that tapioca starch gives the finest, smoothest, flexible and strengthful biopolymer among all. Issues on sustainability, designing and sensing the unpredictable and searching for "new" materials for a greener and sustainable future are the main core of bioplastic production. Regarding the negative carbon footprint and long-term environmental effects of fossil-based plastics through landfill and incineration, the search for such a material brings forth a deeper material experience along with a further collaboration of architects and engineering disciplines. Through this production, we need to figure out deeply the nature of new starch based materials in architecture, which are eco-friendly, cheaper and more strengthful materials compared to conventional synthesized polymers.

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Starch Based Composites for Packaging Applications

Cited by 14 publications

References 45 publications

The permeability of natural fibre drains, capturing their micro-features

The permeability of natural fibre drains, capturing their micro-features

Experimental and numerical investigations into hydraulic behaviour of coir fibre drain

Rethinking sustainability: A research on starch based bioplastic

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