Star‐Shaped Polymer Consisting of a Porphyrin Core and Poly(L‐lysine) Dendron Arms: Synthesis, Drug Delivery, and In Vitro Chemo/Photodynamic Therapy

Abstract

A novel star-shaped polymer, porphyrin-poly(L-lysine) dendrons (PP-PLLD), is synthesized by the click reaction between azido-modified porphyrin and propargyl focal point poly(L-lysine) dendrons. Its chemical structure is characterized by (1) H nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) is analyses etc. Due to its amphiphilic property, the obtained PP-PLLD has a low critical micelle concentration in an aqueous solution, and can load doxorubicin (DOX) with a loading amount of 64 μg mg(-1) . By in vitro toxicity assay, PP-PLLD has no dark cytotoxicity but has significant phototoxicity. Moreover, DOX-loaded PP-PLLD shows a higher cytotoxicity under the light condition than PP-PLLD or DOX alone, suggesting PP-PLLD has a potential application in combined photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy.

Study on the antibacterial mechanism of copper ion- and neodymium ion-modified α-zirconium phosphate with better antibacterial activity and lower cytotoxicity

“…What was more, the antibacterial activity of Cu-Nd@ZrP1 was higher than those of Cu@ZrP and Nd@ZrP, so the Cu-Nd@ZrP1 showed the great potential application as an antibacterial powder. Compared with other reports [41][42][43][44], we concluded that Cu-Nd@ZrP was a relatively biocompatible nanomaterial with slight cytotoxicity.…”

Porphine functionalized nanoparticles of star-shaped poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate biodegradable copolymer for chemophotodynamic therapy on cervical cancer

“…Also, no quantitative analysis of the in vitro cytotoxicity, for example the IC 50 of the DOX-loaded micelles with and without photodynamic treatment, was investigated. Moreover, no in vivo performance was assessed [53]. Thus, it is necessary to develop and identify novel photodynamic nanoparticles for anti-cancer drug delivery and synergy therapy.…”

pH-responsive metallo-supramolecular nanogel for synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy

“…The intensity difference was bigger at 6 h than that at 2 h, implying both time and micellarization of Zn-Por had effect on the cell uptake. Furthermore, the red fluorescence of Zn-Por looked as coming from both the nucleus and cytoplasm areas in the SNG-treated cells at 2 h, and mainly from the nuclei at 6 h, while mainly from the cytoplasm area in the free Zn-Por-treated cells at both 2 and 6 h. This is because Zn-Por has limited solubility in cell culture medium and its entry into cells depends on its molecular diffusion through the cell membranes, whereas SNG particles diffuse through the cell membranes and enter the cells efficiently by an active mechanism [38]. The red fluorescence from the nucleus area means that the SNG as a whole or its dissociation products have good affinity to the nuclear membrane and can enter the nuclei with ease.…”