Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus aureus as commensals and pathogens on murine skin

Battaglia, Michael; Garrett‐Sinha, Lee Ann

doi:10.1186/s42826-023-00169-0

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…And results found that Weissella cibaria had the greatest impact on health, followed by Staphylococcus xylosus and Leuconostoc pseudoteneteroides . Staphylococcus xylosus and Leuconostoc pseudomonas are opportunistic pathogens that can cause infection only in certain situations such as trauma, surgery, or immunosuppression ( 35 , 36 ). Weissella cibaria is a newly discovered Gram-positive bacterium belonging to the Lactobacillus family, widely present in various naturally fermented foods ( 37 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary copper intake on blood lipids in women of childbearing age and the potential role of gut microbiota

Luo,

Guo,

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundCopper (Cu) is a vital trace element involved in numerous physiological processes, including glycolysis and lipid metabolism. Imbalances in Cu homeostasis can contribute to various diseases. However, current research on the impact of Cu on lipid metabolism has yielded inconsistent findings. Moreover, studies investigating the effects of dietary Cu intake on blood lipids among women of childbearing age are rare. Understanding of this relationship could enhance lipid management, given that most women obtain Cu through their diet. Additionally, the gut microbiota may play a role in this process. This study aims to investigate the effects of dietary Cu intake on blood lipids in women of childbearing age and to analyze the role of gut microbiota in this process.MethodsThis study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to conduct a preliminary analysis of the correlation between dietary Cu levels and blood lipid indicators in women of childbearing age. Subsequently, an on-site research was conducted to further investigate this relationship, followed by animal experiments to verify the effect of different Cu doses on blood lipid levels. Multiple linear regression models, ANOVA, XGBOOST were employed to analyze the impact of Cu on blood lipids and the role of intestinal microbiota in this process.ResultsIn the population study, the NHANES results were consistent with on-site findings. The TG, and TC levels in women with childbearing were increased with higher dietary Cu intake. Animal experiments have shown that as Cu intake increases, TC levels increase. Furthermore, when the Cu intake reached 8 mg/day (the recommended dietary Cu intake limit of China, RDI), the TG levels in the research animals decrease, alongside a reduction in the abundance of Weissella cibaria (probiotics related to lipid metabolism), and the levels of LPS and IL-6 increase.ConclusionThe blood lipid levels of women of childbearing age increase with higher dietary Cu intake. RDI of 8 mg/day for women of childbearing age in China may need to be appropriately reduced. Regulating the gut microbiota, especially by increasing the abundance of Weissella cibaria may be an effective intervention for blood lipids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary copper intake on blood lipids in women of childbearing age and the potential role of gut microbiota

Luo,

Guo,

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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“…aureus , S . xylosus has been shown to cause invasive disease in otherwise healthy carrier mice albeit that the mechanisms promoting colonization or infection have not been investigated [ 79 ]. We surmise that loss of S .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deficiency in non-classical major histocompatibility class II-like molecule, H2-O confers protection against Staphylococcus aureus in mice

Cullum,

Perez-Betancourt,

Shi

et al. 2024

PLoS Pathog

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Staphylococcus aureus is a human-adapted pathogen that replicates by asymptomatically colonizing its host. S. aureus is also the causative agent of purulent skin and soft tissue infections as well as bloodstream infections that result in the metastatic seeding of abscess lesions in all organ tissues. Prolonged colonization, infection, disease relapse, and recurrence point to the versatile capacity of S. aureus to bypass innate and adaptive immune defenses as well as the notion that some hosts fail to generate protective immune responses. Here, we find a genetic trait that provides protection against this pathogen. Mice lacking functional H2-O, the equivalent of human HLA-DO, inoculated with a mouse-adapted strain of S. aureus, efficiently decolonize the pathogen. Further, these decolonized animals resist subsequent bloodstream challenge with methicillin-resistant S. aureus. A genetic approach demonstrates that T-cell dependent B cell responses are required to control S. aureus colonization and infection in H2-O-deficient mice. Reduced bacterial burdens in these animals correlate with increased titers and enhanced phagocytic activity of S. aureus-specific antibodies. H2-O negatively regulates the loading of high affinity peptides on major histocompatibility class II (MHC-II) molecules. Thus, we hypothesize that immune responses against S. aureus are derepressed in mice lacking H2-O because more high affinity peptides are presented by MHC-II. We speculate that loss-of-function HLA-DO alleles may similarly control S. aureus replication in humans.

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“…The level of staph bacteria recovered from IL17RA KO mice was also lower than that found in DKO mice (Figure 5B). Genomic sequencing showed that recovered bacteria were Staphylococcus xylosus (Supplementary Figure S8C), a staph species prominent on mouse skin (38)(39)(40) and a frequent cause of skin infections in mice (41)(42)(43)(44)(45).…”

Section: Dko Mice Have Increased Susceptibility To Staphylococcal Ski...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ets1 and IL17RA cooperate to regulate autoimmune responses and skin immunity to Staphylococcus aureus

Battaglia,

Sunshine,

Luo

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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IntroductionEts1 is a lymphoid-enriched transcription factor that regulates B- and Tcell functions in development and disease. Mice that lack Ets1 (Ets1 KO) develop spontaneous autoimmune disease with high levels of autoantibodies. Naïve CD4 + T cells isolated from Ets1 KO mice differentiate more readily to Th17 cells that secrete IL-17, a cytokine implicated in autoimmune disease pathogenesis. To determine if increased IL-17 production contributes to the development of autoimmunity in Ets1 KO mice, we crossed Ets1 KO mice to mice lacking the IL-17 receptor A subunit (IL17RA KO) to generate double knockout (DKO) mice.MethodsIn this study, the status of the immune system of DKO and control mice was assessed utilizing ELISA, ELISpot, immunofluorescent microscopy, and flow cytometric analysis of the spleen, lymph node, skin. The transcriptome of ventral neck skin was analyzed through RNA sequencing. S. aureus clearance kinetics in in exogenously infected mice was conducted using bioluminescent S. aureus and tracked using an IVIS imaging experimental scheme.ResultsWe found that the absence of IL17RA signaling did not prevent or ameliorate the autoimmune phenotype of Ets1 KO mice but rather that DKO animals exhibited worse symptoms with striking increases in activated B cells and secreted autoantibodies. This was correlated with a prominent increase in the numbers of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. In addition to the autoimmune phenotype, DKO mice also showed signs of immunodeficiency and developed spontaneous skin lesions colonized by Staphylococcus xylosus. When DKO mice were experimentally infected with Staphylococcus aureus, they were unable to clear the bacteria, suggesting a general immunodeficiency to staphylococcal species. γδ T cells are important for the control of skin staphylococcal infections. We found that mice lacking Ets1 have a complete deficiency of the γδ T-cell subset dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs), which are involved in skin woundhealing responses, but normal numbers of other skin γδ T cells. To determine if loss of DETC combined with impaired IL-17 signaling might promote susceptibility to staph infection, we depleted DETC from IL17RA KO mice and found that the combined loss of DETC and impaired IL-17 signaling leads to an impaired clearance of the infection.ConclusionsOur studies suggest that loss of IL-17 signaling can result in enhanced autoimmunity in Ets1 deficient autoimmune-prone mice. In addition, defects in wound healing, such as that caused by loss of DETC, can cooperate with impaired IL-17 responses to lead to increased susceptibility to skin staph infections.

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Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus aureus as commensals and pathogens on murine skin

Cited by 8 publications

References 127 publications

Effects of dietary copper intake on blood lipids in women of childbearing age and the potential role of gut microbiota

Effects of dietary copper intake on blood lipids in women of childbearing age and the potential role of gut microbiota

Deficiency in non-classical major histocompatibility class II-like molecule, H2-O confers protection against Staphylococcus aureus in mice

Ets1 and IL17RA cooperate to regulate autoimmune responses and skin immunity to Staphylococcus aureus

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