Staphylococcus capitis isolated from prosthetic joint infections

Abstract

Further knowledge about the clinical and microbiological characteristics of prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) caused by different coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) may facilitate interpretation of microbiological findings and improve treatment algorithms. Staphylococcus capitis is a CoNS with documented potential for both human disease and nosocomial spread. As data on orthopaedic infections are scarce, our aim was to describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics of PJIs caused by S. capitis. This retrospective cohort study included three centres and 21 patients with significant growth of S. capitis during revision surgery for PJI between 2005 and 2014. Clinical data were extracted and further microbiological characterisation of the S. capitis isolates was performed. Multidrug-resistant (≥3 antibiotic groups) S. capitis was detected in 28.6 % of isolates, methicillin resistance in 38.1 % and fluoroquinolone resistance in 14.3 %; no isolates were rifampin-resistant. Heterogeneous glycopeptide-intermediate resistance was detected in 38.1 %. Biofilm-forming ability was common. All episodes were either early post-interventional or chronic, and there were no haematogenous infections. Ten patients experienced monomicrobial infections. Among patients available for evaluation, 86 % of chronic infections and 70 % of early post-interventional infections achieved clinical cure; 90 % of monomicrobial infections remained infection-free. Genetic fingerprinting with repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR; DiversiLab®) displayed clustering of isolates, suggesting that nosocomial spread might be present. Staphylococcus capitis has the potential to cause PJIs, with infection most likely being contracted during surgery or in the early postoperative period. As S. capitis might be an emerging nosocomial pathogen, surveillance of the prevalence of PJIs caused by S. capitis could be recommended.

Molecular-genetic Method for Fast Direct Detection of Staphylococcus Aureus and Methicillin Resistance in Blood Cultures and Punctures

“…There are some reports about its role in peritoneal dialysis peritonitis, pacemaker and prosthetic-valve endocarditis, meningitis, osteomyelitis and others. 3,21 The clone S. conhii subsp. cohnii hu-01 is isolated from hospital environments with increasing frequency compared to other CoNS in China and Poland in recent years.…”

“…Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS), except when the latter are contaminants, are the major causes of life-threatening bloodstream infections (BSI), endocarditis, postoperative soft tissue infections, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, metastatic abscesses, especially nosocomial ones, and pose a global problem for public health. [1][2][3] The virulence arsenal of staphylococcal isolates differs depending on the bacterial species and the coagulase-positive S. aureus has been proved to be the most virulent species. The most frequent severe BSI infections caused by this pathogen are due to various extracellular products, e.g.…”

Bioaerosols in an Underground Tourist Trail

“…water [21] NDA deterioration of concrete, brick, glass [4] Leifsonia aquatica water [22] acute septicemia [22] NDA; Leifsonia poae: deterioration of wooden altar [23] Staphylococcus haemolitycus skin [24,25] neonatal sepsis [24] deterioration of photographic paper [26] Staphylococcus hominis skin of arms, legs, trunk [27,28] general infections, sepsis [29] deterioration of photographic paper [26] Staphylococcus capitis skin [30] prosthetic joint infections [31] deterioration of stone [26] Staphylococcus spp. skin and mucous membranes [14] dependent on the species deterioration of stone and murals [32] Micrococcus spp. skin and mucous membranes [14] NDA deterioration of stone and murals [32] Kocuria spp.…”

“…skin and mucous membranes [14] dependent on the species deterioration of stone and murals [32] Micrococcus spp. skin and mucous membranes [14] NDA deterioration of stone and murals [32] Kocuria spp. skin, mucosa and oropharynx [33] endocarditis, catheter-related bacteraemia [33,34] NDA Pseudomonas oryzihabitans water and soil [35] catheter-related nosocomial infections, skin and soft tissue infections [36,37] deterioration of stone and murals [32] Alcaligenes spp.…”

“…skin and mucous membranes [14] NDA deterioration of stone and murals [32] Kocuria spp. skin, mucosa and oropharynx [33] endocarditis, catheter-related bacteraemia [33,34] NDA Pseudomonas oryzihabitans water and soil [35] catheter-related nosocomial infections, skin and soft tissue infections [36,37] deterioration of stone and murals [32] Alcaligenes spp. water and soil [38] NDA corrosion of metals, metal alloys, plant and animal fibers, paint coatings [39] Aeoroccus viridans 2 upper respiratory tract [40,41] endocarditis, osteomyelitis, meningitis, septic arthritis [40,41] NDA Streptococcus constellatus sp.…”