Staphylococcus aureus Toxins and Their Molecular Activity in Infectious Diseases

Oliveira, Diana; Borges, Anabela; Simões, Manuel

doi:10.3390/toxins10060252

Cited by 318 publications

(246 citation statements)

References 177 publications

(244 reference statements)

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“…Foodborne diseases are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the world, in which Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enterica are considered two of the most important foodborne pathogens . While staphylococcal food poisoning is usually not life‐threatening and is characterized by nausea, vomiting and stomach cramps , Salmonella spp. are responsible for human disease ranging from gastroenteritis to severe illness, including systemic infections .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xanthene Dyes and Green LED for the Inactivation of Foodborne Pathogens in Planktonic and Biofilm States

Silva

Santos

Trevisan

et al. 2019

Photochem & Photobiology

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This study evaluated the rose bengal‐ and erythrosine‐mediated photoinactivation against Salmonella Typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus planktonic and sessile cells using green LED as a light source. The free‐living or 2‐day‐old biofilm cells were treated with different concentrations of the photosensitizing agents and subjected to irradiation. Only 5 min photosensitization with rose bengal at 25 nmol L−1 and 75 μmol L−1 completely eliminated S. aureus and S. Typhimurium planktonic cells, respectively. Erythrosine at 500 nmol L−1 and 5 min of light exposure also reduced S. aureus planktonic cells to undetectable levels. Eradication of S. aureus biofilms was achieved when 500 μmol L−1 of erythrosine or 250 μmol L−1 of rose bengal was combined with 30 min of irradiation. Scanning electron microscopy allowed the observation of morphological changes in planktonic cells and disruption of the biofilm architecture after photodynamic treatment. The overall data demonstrate that rose bengal and erythrosine activated by green LED may be a targeted strategy for controlling foodborne pathogens in both planktonic and sessile states.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xanthene Dyes and Green LED for the Inactivation of Foodborne Pathogens in Planktonic and Biofilm States

Silva

Santos

Trevisan

et al. 2019

Photochem & Photobiology

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“…Indeed, broad spectrum antimicrobials are commonly prescribed to patients before obtaining the results of the clinical microbiological analysis, a practice that might not be sufficient to control the infection, especially when one considers the risk posed by antibiotic-resistant species and their transmission in the hospital environment or the community (62). For instance, Staphylococcus aureus has developed resistances to many antimicrobial drugs including last resort antibiotics and expresses an arsenal of virulence factors (63)(64)(65). Or, in agriculture, the systematic use of antibiotics in farming leads to the selection of resistant bacteria that have been found in commercial food products (66).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast and accurate bacterial species identification in biological samples using LC-MS/MS mass spectrometry and machine learning

Roux‐Dalvai

Gotti

Leclercq

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The identification of microbial species in biological samples is essential to many applications in health, food safety and environment. MALDI-TOF MS technology has become a tool of choice for microbial identification but it has several drawbacks including: it requires a long step of bacterial culture prior to analysis (24h), it has a low specificity and is not quantitative. We have developed a new strategy for identifying bacterial species in biological samples using specific LC-MS/MS peptidic signatures. In the first training step, deep proteome coverage of bacteria of interest is obtained in Data Independent Acquisition (DIA) mode, followed by the use of machine learning to define the peptides the most susceptible to distinguish each bacterial species from the others. Then, in the second step, this peptidic signature is monitored in biological samples using targeted proteomics. This method, which allows the bacterial identification from clinical specimens in less than 4h, has been applied to fifteen species representing 84% of all Urinary Tract Infections (UTI). More than 31000 peptides in 200 samples have been quantified by DIA and analyzed by machine learning to determine an 82 peptides signature and build prediction models able to classify the fifteen bacterial species. This peptidic signature was validated for its use in routine conditions using Parallel Reaction Monitoring on a capillary flow chromatography coupled to a Thermo Scientific™ Q Exactive HF-X instrument. Linearity and reproducibility of the method were demonstrated as well as its accuracy on donor specimens. Within 4h and without bacterial culture, our method was able to predict the predominant bacteria infecting a sample in 97% of cases and 100% above the 1×105 CFU/mL threshold commonly used by clinical laboratories. This work demonstrates the efficiency of our method for the rapid and specific identification of the bacterial species causing UTI and could be extended in the future to other biological specimens and to bacteria having specific virulence or resistance factors.

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“…Here, we were able to demonstrate that S. aureus USA300 disposes of a large number of virulence factors. For instance, S. aureus strain USA300 expresses leucocidins (lukS, lukF), phenol-soluble modulin (PSM) [22], and superantigens (ssl) that are mainly directed against immune cells and induce strong proinflammatory and cytotoxic effects [31]. During viral and/or bacterial infection, the cytokine profile, including the expression of TNF-α, of infected cells is altered depending on the host cell type and on the pathogens.…”

Section: Neither Iav Nor S Aureus Directly Affects Sp-a Expression Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet, bacteria can also directly affect pulmonary surfactant proteins [22], as S. aureus expresses a cysteine protease staphopain A (ScpA, sspA) that cleaves SP-A and inactivates the antibacterial activity of the protein, promoting the colonization of the lung by S. aureus and other pathogens [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcus aureus Lung Infection Results in Down-Regulation of Surfactant Protein-A Mainly Caused by Pro-Inflammatory Macrophages

Schicke

Cseresnyés

Rennert³

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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Pneumonia is the leading cause of hospitalization worldwide. Besides viruses, bacterial co-infections dramatically exacerbate infection. In general, surfactant protein-A (SP-A) represents a first line of immune defense. In this study, we analyzed whether influenza A virus (IAV) and/or Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections affect SP-A expression. To closely reflect the situation in the lung, we used a human alveolus-on-a-chip model and a murine pneumonia model. Our results show that S. aureus can reduce extracellular levels of SP-A, most likely attributed to bacterial proteases. Mono-epithelial cell culture experiments reveal that the expression of SP-A is not directly affected by IAV or S. aureus. Yet, the mRNA expression of SP-A is strongly down-regulated by TNF-α, which is highly produced by professional phagocytes in response to bacterial infection. By using the human alveolus-on-a-chip model, we show that the down-regulation of SP-A is strongly dependent on macrophages. In a murine model of pneumonia, we can confirm that S. aureus decreases SP-A levels in vivo. These findings indicate that (I) complex interactions of epithelial and immune cells induce down-regulation of SP-A expression and (II) bacterial mono-and super-infections reduce SP-A expression in the lung, which might contribute to a severe outcome of bacterial pneumonia.

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Staphylococcus aureus Toxins and Their Molecular Activity in Infectious Diseases

Cited by 318 publications

References 177 publications

Xanthene Dyes and Green LED for the Inactivation of Foodborne Pathogens in Planktonic and Biofilm States

Xanthene Dyes and Green LED for the Inactivation of Foodborne Pathogens in Planktonic and Biofilm States

Fast and accurate bacterial species identification in biological samples using LC-MS/MS mass spectrometry and machine learning

Staphylococcus aureus Lung Infection Results in Down-Regulation of Surfactant Protein-A Mainly Caused by Pro-Inflammatory Macrophages

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