Staphylococcus aureus osteoarticular infections in children: an 8-year review of molecular microbiology, antibiotic resistance and clinical characteristics

Bouras, Dimitrios; Doudoulakakis, Anastassios; Τσολιά, Μαρία; Vaki, Ilia; Giormezis, Nikolaos; Petropoulou, Niki; Lebessi, Evangelia; Gennimata, Vasiliki; Tsakris, Athanasios; Spiliopoulou, Iris; Michos, Athanasios

doi:10.1099/jmm.0.000859

Cited by 18 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…The incidence of MRSA in our study was as high as 43.4%. While this value is consistent with the national resistance rate of 36.1% for Staphylococcus to methicillin in Chinese children [10] , it is signi cantly higher than that reported in other countries [5,9,[11][12] , which suggests that S. aureus is seriously drug resistant in Chinese children. It is generally believed that a long time is required for the antibiotics to reach bone tissues and to achieve effective bactericidal concentrations [13] ; therefore, short-term administration of antibiotics is thought to have little effect on bacterial culture results of bone tissue specimens [14] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Etiology and Clinical Characteristics of Acute Suppurative Osteomyelitis in Children a Single Center Study in China

Shi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Acute suppurative osteomyelitis is a common disease in pediatric orthopedics, but there are few studies on the etiology and treatment of this disease in children.Objective To investigate the etiology and clinical characteristics of acute suppurative osteomyelitis in children.Methods A retrospective study was conducted of pediatric in-patients with acute suppurative osteomyelitis between January 2011 and December 2017. Subperiosteal or intramedullary specimens were collected from each patient for culture. Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility test were performed with the Vitek system. Results A total of 104 patients were included and 64 (61.5%) were male. Sixty-six isolates were obtained from 65 (62.5%) patients. The most common pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus (51.0%, 53/104), followed by Escherichia coli (2.9%, 3/104), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.9%, 2/104), Streptococcus pneumoniae (1.9%, 2/104), Ochrobactrum anthropi (1.9%, 2/104), and other bacteria (3.0%, 3/104). Two pathogens were isolated from one patient. The etiology was unknown based on culture in 39 (37.5%) patients. The age of the patients infected with S. aureus was 6.67 (1.7, 9.1) years, which was significantly higher than that of patients infected with non-S. aureus, whose age was 2.42 (0.7, 7.8) years (Z = 2.20, P=0.028). Results of the antibiotic susceptibility test in 53 S. aureus strains showed that the resistance rates to oxacillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, clindamycin, and erythromycin were 43.4%, 11.3%, 67.9%, and 69.8%, respectively. All S. aureus strains were sensitive to linezolid and vancomycin. More patients with sequelae were found among those infected with oxacillin-resistant S. aureus (26.1%, 6/23) compared with oxacillin-sensitive S. aureus (3.3%, 1/30, χ2༝4.06, P༝0.044) or other pathogens (2.5%, 2/81, χ2༝10.94, P = 0.001). Conclusion S. aureus was the most common pathogen causing acute suppurative osteomyelitis in children and its resistance rate to oxacillin was high. Further study is needed to determine the etiology in the patients in whom the pathogen cannot be identified based on culture.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Etiology and Clinical Characteristics of Acute Suppurative Osteomyelitis in Children a Single Center Study in China

Shi

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…29 admission rates and longer hospitalizations. 3,7 The different prevalence rates observed across Europe could be explained by different lifestyle conditions, infection control practices and antimicrobial use. 9,15,26,29 Spain was the country with the highest rate of antibiotic use per habitant of all the countries included in the APRES study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in children, 1 and may cause bacteremia and other invasive diseases such as osteoarticular infections and pneumonia. 2 For the past 20 years, an increase in both community-associated and hospitalacquired infections by S. aureus has been observed, 3,4 causing significant morbidity and mortality. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was first isolated in hospitalized and chronically ill patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Colonization in Spanish Children. The COSACO Nationwide Surveillance Study

Rosal

Méndez-Echevarría

Vera

et al. 2020

IDR

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Objective To assess the prevalence and risk factors for S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) nasal colonization in Spanish children. Methods Cross-sectional study of patients <14 years from primary care centers all over Spain. Clinical data and nasal aspirates were collected from March to July 2018. Results A total of 1876 patients were enrolled. Prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA colonization were 33% (95% CI 30.9–35.1) and 1.44% (95% CI 0.9–2), respectively. Thirty-three percent of the children (633/1876) presented chronic conditions, mainly atopic dermatitis, asthma and/or allergy (524/633). Factors associated with S. aureus colonization were age ≥5 years (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.07–1.12), male sex (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.17–1.76), urban setting (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.08–1.97) and the presence of asthma, atopic dermatitis or allergies (OR 1.25; 95% CI: 1.093–1.43). Rural residence was the only factor associated with MRSA colonization (OR 3.62, 95% CI 1.57–8.36). MRSA was more frequently resistant than methicillin-susceptible S. aureus to ciprofloxacin [41.2% vs 2.6%; p<0.0001], clindamycin [26% vs 16.9%; p=0.39], and mupirocin [14.3% vs 6.7%; p=0.18]. None of the MRSA strains was resistant to tetracycline, fosfomycin, vancomycin or daptomycin. Conclusions The main risk factors for S. aureus colonization in Spanish children are being above five years of age, male gender, atopic dermatitis, asthma or allergy, and residence in urban areas. MRSA colonization is low, but higher than in other European countries and is associated with rural settings.

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“…Due to the structure of bone and biofilm, the infection is very persistent which causes problems for orthopedics and negatively impacts on quality of life of the patient. Furthermore, antibiotic resistance also contributes to worsening the situation (26,27) . Understanding hostpathogen interaction will certainly lead us to a way to a successful treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression profiles based flux balance model to predict the carbon source for Bacillus subtilis

Thanamit

Hoerhold

Oswald

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Finding drug targets for antimicrobial treatment is a central focus in biomedical research.To discover new drug targets, we are interested in finding out which nutrients are essential for pathogenic microorganisms in the host or under specific circumstances. Besides, metabolic fluxes have been successfully constructed and predicted by employing flux balance analysis (FBA) technique. While 13 C metabolic data is the most informative way to explore metabolism, the data can be difficult to acquire in complicated environments, for example, osteomyelitis from S. aureus. On the other hand, although gene expression data is less informative in this case as compared to 13 C metabolic data, it is easier to generate, and it still provides us informative insights. We develop FBA models using the stoichiometric knowledge of the metabolic reactions of a cell and combine them with gene expression profiles. We aim to identify essential drug targets for specific nutritional uptakes of pathogenic microorganisms. As a case study, we implemented our method by applying data from B. subtilis to predict carbon sources based on given gene expression profiles. We validated our flux prediction results by comparing with 13 C metabolic flux data.With our method, we efficiently utilized gene expression profiles to predict carbon sources and investigate the metabolic network of B. subtilis. We show that our method is promising, generalizable, and versatile. We present that using FBA model with gene expression data is a good starting point to support subsequent hypotheses to conduct further studies; especially, in the environment that 13 C metabolic flux data is hard to achieve. Besides, from a technical aspect, our method performed faster in order to remove thermodynamically infeasible loops as compared to loopless COBRA (ll-COBRA), which is the well-established method in the community. 3 Keywords: flux balance analysis, mixed integer linear programming, bacillus subtilis, carbon source 4

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Staphylococcus aureus osteoarticular infections in children: an 8-year review of molecular microbiology, antibiotic resistance and clinical characteristics

Cited by 18 publications

References 43 publications

Etiology and Clinical Characteristics of Acute Suppurative Osteomyelitis in Children a Single Center Study in China

Etiology and Clinical Characteristics of Acute Suppurative Osteomyelitis in Children a Single Center Study in China

Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Colonization in Spanish Children. The COSACO Nationwide Surveillance Study

Gene expression profiles based flux balance model to predict the carbon source for Bacillus subtilis

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Staphylococcus aureus osteoarticular infections in children: an 8-year review of molecular microbiology, antibiotic resistance and clinical characteristics

Cited by 18 publications

References 43 publications

Etiology and Clinical Characteristics of Acute Suppurative Osteomyelitis in Children&nbsp;a Single Center Study in China

Etiology and Clinical Characteristics of Acute Suppurative Osteomyelitis in Children&nbsp;a Single Center Study in China

Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Colonization in Spanish Children. The COSACO Nationwide Surveillance Study

Gene expression profiles based flux balance model to predict the carbon source for Bacillus subtilis

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Etiology and Clinical Characteristics of Acute Suppurative Osteomyelitis in Children a Single Center Study in China

Etiology and Clinical Characteristics of Acute Suppurative Osteomyelitis in Children a Single Center Study in China