Staphylococcus aureus Endocarditis in Preterm Neonates

Armstrong, David M.; Mr, Battin; Knight, David B.; Skinner, Jonathan R.

doi:10.1055/s-2002-33087

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Children often have better transthoracic echocardiographic images than adults because of the use of higher-frequency transducers (8)(9)(10)(11)(12) MHz, the same as used in adult transesophageal echocardiography [TEE]), with better image resolution. The limits of …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Infective Endocarditis Among Infants and Children With Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

Valente¹,

et al. 2005

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ABSTRACT. Purpose. The prevalence of infective endocarditis (IE) among children with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine prospectively the prevalence of IE among pediatric patients with SAB in a large tertiary care center.Methods. Between July 1998 and June 2001, all children who developed SAB whose parent/guardian signed informed consent underwent echocardiography. Clinical and follow-up results were collected prospectively. Endocarditis was classified according to the modified Duke criteria.Results. Fifty-one children developed SAB during the study interval. Definite (6 patients [11.8%]) or possible (4 patients [7.8%]) IE was present in 10 of 51 (20%) children with SAB. Most children (73%) developed bacteremia as a consequence of an infected intravascular device. Children with underlying congenital heart disease had a significantly higher prevalence of definite or possible IE, compared with those with structurally normal hearts (53% vs 3%). All patients with definite IE had multiple positive blood cultures. Mortality was high among patients with and without IE (40% vs 12%).Conclusions. In this study, the prevalence of definite IE among children with SAB was ϳ12% and was frequently associated with congenital heart disease and multiple positive blood cultures. The mortality for children with SAB and definite or possible S aureus IE is high. Pediatrics 2005;115:e15-e19. URL: www.pediatrics.org/cgi/

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Infective Endocarditis Among Infants and Children With Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

Valente¹,

et al. 2005

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“…In all seven cases, amniotic fluid culture as well as initial blood culture of a sample from the infant yielded S. aureus, and in three cases, antenatal invasive procedures (amniocentesis or amnioinfusion) performed within a day of delivery were presumed to have contributed to infection of the fetus. Late-onset S. aureus infections in neonates include skin and deep-seated tissue abscesses, bacteremia/sepsis, endocarditis, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, pneumonia, and meningitis (19,224,334,365,368). In addition, S. aureus is one of the most common etiologic agents of ventriculoperitoneal shunt infections in preterm infants with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (63,106).…”

Section: Gram-positive Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Microbiology of Bacterial and Fungal Sepsis in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants

2004

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Twenty percent of very-low-birth-weight (<1500 g) preterm infants experience a serious systemic infection, and despite advances in neonatal intensive care and antimicrobials, mortality is as much as threefold higher for these infants who develop sepsis than their counterparts without sepsis during their hospitalization. Outcomes may be improved by preventative strategies, earlier and accurate diagnosis, and adjunct therapies to combat infection and protect the vulnerable preterm infant during an infection. Earlier diagnosis on the basis of factors such as abnormal heart rate characteristics may offer the ability to initiate treatment prior to the onset of clinical symptoms. Molecular and adjunctive diagnostics may also aid in diagnosing invasive infection when clinical symptoms indicate infection but no organisms are isolated in culture. Due to the high morbidity and mortality, preventative and adjunctive therapies are needed. Prophylaxis has been effective in preventing early-onset group B streptococcal sepsis and late-onset Candida sepsis. Future research in prophylaxis using active and passive immunization strategies offers prevention without the risk of resistance to antimicrobials. Identification of the differences in neonatal intensive care units with low and high infection rates and implementation of infection control measures remain paramount in each neonatal intensive care unit caring for preterm infants

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“…The clinical signs of neonatal endocarditis are cardiac murmur or changing murmur, thrombocytopenia, microscopic hematuria, and skin lesions 1 2 6) . However, these signs are neither sensitive nor specific when considering other infectious diseases in neonates 7) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successfully treated infective endocarditis caused by methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus Aureusin extremely low birth weight infant

et al. 2016

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Survival rates of preterm infants have improved in the past few decades, and central venous catheters play an important role in the intensive medical treatment of these neonates. Unfortunately, these indwelling catheters increase the risk of intracardiac thrombosis, and they provide a nidus for microorganisms during the course of septicemia. Herein, we report a case of persistent bacteremia due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infant, along with vegetation observed on an echocardiogram, the findings which are compatible with a diagnosis of endocarditis. The endocarditis was successfully treated with antibiotic therapy, and the patient recovered without major complications. We suggest a surveillance echocardiogram for ELBW infants within a few days of birth, with regular follow-up studies when clinical signs of sepsis are observed.

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Staphylococcus aureus Endocarditis in Preterm Neonates

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

Frequency of Infective Endocarditis Among Infants and Children With Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

Frequency of Infective Endocarditis Among Infants and Children With Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

Clinical Microbiology of Bacterial and Fungal Sepsis in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants

Successfully treated infective endocarditis caused by methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus Aureusin extremely low birth weight infant

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