Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and endocarditis: the Grady Memorial Hospital experience with methicillin-sensitive S aureus and methicillin-resistant S aureus bacteremia

Abraham, James; Mansour, Craig; Veledar, Emir; Khan, Bobby V.; Lerakis, Stamatios

doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2003.09.018

Cited by 113 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…S. aureus causes diverse infections such as endocarditis, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, meningitis, skin infections, and abscesses (1,2,7,16,23,27) and there appears to be an increase in the recognition of community-acquired S. aureus infections, often involving methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains (16,27). It is now well appreciated that the emergence of antibiotic resistance among staphylococcal isolates has made the treatment of these infections increasingly difficult, which has amplified the call for new approaches to treat and prevent staphylococcal infections, such as immunotherapy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Opsonic and Protective Activities of Staphylococcus aureus Conjugate Vaccines Containing Native or Deacetylated Staphylococcal Poly- N -Acetyl-β-(1-6)-Glucosamine

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis both synthesize the surface polysaccharide poly-Nacetyl-␤-(1-6)-glucosamine (PNAG), which is produced in vitro with a high level (>90%) of the amino groups substituted by acetate. Here, we examined the role of the acetate substituents of PNAG in generating opsonic and protective antibodies. PNAG and a deacetylated form of the antigen (dPNAG; 15% acetylation) were conjugated to the carrier protein diphtheria toxoid (DT) and used to immunize animals. Mice responded in a dose-dependent fashion to both conjugate vaccines, with maximum antibody titers observed at the highest dose and 4 weeks after the last of three weekly immunizations. PNAG-DT and dPNAG-DT vaccines were also very immunogenic in rabbits. Antibodies raised to the conjugate vaccines in rabbits mediated the opsonic killing of various staphylococcal strains, but the specificity of the opsonic killing was primarily to dPNAG, as this antigen inhibited the killing of S. aureus strains by both PNAG-and dPNAG-specific antibodies. Passive immunization of mice with anti-dPNAG-DT rabbit sera showed significant levels of clearance of S. aureus from the blood (54 to 91%) compared to control mice immunized with normal rabbit sera, whereas PNAG-specific antibodies were ineffective at clearing S. aureus. Passive immunization of mice with a goat antiserum raised to the dPNAG-DT vaccine protected against a lethal dose of three different S. aureus strains. Overall, these data show that immunization of animals with a conjugate vaccine of dPNAG elicit antibodies that mediated opsonic killing and protected against S. aureus infection, including capsular polysaccharide types 5 and 8 and an untypable strain.Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), principally Staphylococcus epidermidis, are the most frequent causes of hospital acquired bloodstream infections accounting for 40 to 60% of all nosocomial bloodstream infections (52). S. aureus causes diverse infections such as endocarditis, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, meningitis, skin infections, and abscesses (1,2,7,16,23,27) and there appears to be an increase in the recognition of community-acquired S. aureus infections, often involving methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains (16,27). It is now well appreciated that the emergence of antibiotic resistance among staphylococcal isolates has made the treatment of these infections increasingly difficult, which has amplified the call for new approaches to treat and prevent staphylococcal infections, such as immunotherapy.Ongoing efforts to design vaccines for S. aureus have targeted various virulence factors of this organism, including capsular polysaccharides (CP) (i.e., CP serotypes 5 and 8) (8, 9), cell wall-associated proteins (i.e., clumping factor A, fibronectin binding proteins, and collagen binding protein) (11,36,48), toxins (i.e., alpha-toxin, enterotoxins, and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1) (6,14,15,21,33), and the surface-associated polysaccharide, poly-N-acetyl-␤-(1-6)-glucosamine (PNAG) ...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Opsonic and Protective Activities of Staphylococcus aureus Conjugate Vaccines Containing Native or Deacetylated Staphylococcal Poly- N -Acetyl-β-(1-6)-Glucosamine

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Opisano różnorodność gatunków CoNS [366,377]. Częstość występowania oporności na metycylinę wśród gronkowców podawana w poszczególnych badaniach jest różna [376,378], ale niską częstość zakażeń metycylinoopornymi szczepami CoNS opisywano wśród osób, które nie miały kontaktu z opieką zdrowotną, podczas gdy wysoki odsetek oporności na metycylinę wiązał się ze źródłem zakażenia związanym z opieką zdrowotną [379]. Zakażenia wieloma drobnoustrojami w niektórych przypadkach obejmowały więcej niż jeden gatunek CoNS [376,380,381].…”

Section: Mikrobiologiaunclassified

2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis

Habib¹,

Lancellotti

Antunes³

et al. 2015

Kardiol Pol

132

212

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…35 Although low concentrations of methicillin-resistant CoNS have been detected in individuals with no healthcare contact and no recent antibiotic exposure, 47 a disproportionate frequency of CIED infections due to multidrug-resistant staphylococci 26,40 suggests that a healthcare environment is the site of infection acquisition. 48,49 …”

Section: Microbiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infections and Their Management

Baddour¹,

Epstein²,

Erickson³

et al. 2010

Circulation

932

893

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-Despite improvements in cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) design, application of timely infection control practices, and administration of antibiotic prophylaxis at the time of device placement, CIED infections continue to occur and can be life-threatening. This has prompted the study of all aspects of CIED infections.Recognizing the recent advances in our understanding of the epidemiology, risk factors, microbiology, management, and prevention of CIED infections, the American Heart Association commissioned this scientific statement to educate clinicians about CIED infections, provide explicit recommendations for the care of patients with suspected or established CIED infections, and highlight areas of needed research. (Circulation. 2010;121:458-477.)

show abstract

Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and endocarditis: the Grady Memorial Hospital experience with methicillin-sensitive S aureus and methicillin-resistant S aureus bacteremia

Cited by 113 publications

References 7 publications

Comparative Opsonic and Protective Activities of Staphylococcus aureus Conjugate Vaccines Containing Native or Deacetylated Staphylococcal Poly- N -Acetyl-β-(1-6)-Glucosamine

Comparative Opsonic and Protective Activities of Staphylococcus aureus Conjugate Vaccines Containing Native or Deacetylated Staphylococcal Poly- N -Acetyl-β-(1-6)-Glucosamine

2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis

Update on Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infections and Their Management

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About