Staphylococcus aureus: A Community Pathogen

Epidemiologic Similarities in Pediatric Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus in the San Francisco Bay Area

“…In our study, we evaluated the 6 "Cs" of potential risk factors for CA-MRSA and found few differences when compared with CA-MSSA. Similar to previous findings, neither crowding nor cleanliness distinguished CA-MRSA from CA-MSSA infection [28,29]. While others have found a significant association between prior antibiotic use and CA-MRSA (vs CA-MSSA), we did not [28].…”

Trends and Characteristics of Culture-Confirmed Staphylococcus aureus Infections in a Large U.S. Integrated Health Care Organization

“…In part, the difference is methodological, in that we used a more conservative 365-day isolate deduplication algorithm (compared to 30 days) and required patients to have received an S. aureus-related diagnosis. In addition, although KPNC enrolls persons covered by Medicaid and other dues subsidy programs, enrollment is generally through employment, and therefore, the KPNC population likely underrepresents certain populations thought to be at increased risk of MRSA (e.g., incarcerated persons, intravenous drug users, military personnel, the very poor, and the uninsured) (4,6,27). Nevertheless, our study population of over 3 million is more representative of the general population than are studies of those special populations.…”

“…Throughout the 1990s, S. aureus infections in hospitalized patients were increasingly caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), making treatment of these infections more difficult (20,21,23,40). Moreover, between 1990 and 2005, there was an even more dramatic increase in community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) infections (1,5,10,11,19,27,32 In general, surveillance activity for MRSA has been limited to bloodstream or invasive infections and to health care-associated and hospital onset disease, and there have been few populationbased studies. As the epidemiology of S. aureus disease changes, inclusion of community-associated, community onset, and noninvasive disease is important for assessing the magnitude of the burden of disease in the population, for setting priorities for prevention and control, and for creating guidelines for empirical antibiotic treatment.…”

“…Throughout the 1990s, S. aureus infections in hospitalized patients were increasingly caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), making treatment of these infections more difficult (20,21,23,40). Moreover, between 1990 and 2005, there was an even more dramatic increase in community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) infections (1,5,10,11,19,27,32). However, there are indications that MRSA may be on the decline.…”

C/EBPε mediates nicotinamide-enhanced clearance of Staphylococcus aureus in mice

“…Staphylococcus aureus in community and health care settings commonly causes serious and potentially life-threatening infections (1)(2)(3). Widespread use of antibiotics is responsible for the emergence and rapid spread of resistant pathogens, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (3), and highlights a pressing need for development of novel antimicrobial therapies.…”