Staphylococcal driveline infections are the predominant type of left ventricular assist device associated infections in Singapore

Efficacy and safety of chronic antimicrobial suppression therapy for left ventricular assist device driveline infections: A single‐center descriptive experience

“…Half of the initial DLIs in the present study were caused by methicillin‐sensitive or methicillin‐resistant S aureus isolates, and staphylococcal spp. have been demonstrated to be common causes of DLIs in other studies 7,17 . A high rate of relapse for S aureus LVAD infections has also been reported 14 .…”

“…S aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are two species implicated in the formation of biofilms on LVAD hardware,16 and the prevalence of these bacteria in the present study likely accounts for our treatment failure rate of 29%.Half of the initial DLIs in the present study were caused by methicillin-sensitive or methicillin-resistant S aureus isolates, and staphylococcal spp. have been demonstrated to be common causes of DLIs in other studies 7,17. A high rate of relapse for S aureus LVAD infections has also been reported.…”

“…Complications following device placement are well known and include stroke, pump thrombosis, and infection 4 . As implanted foreign bodies, LVADs serve as a nidus for infection, 1 and infections have been common in multiple studies conducted in several countries 5‐7 …”

Cyclotriphosphazene-based Derivatives for Antibacterial Applications: An Update on Recent Advances

“…Bacterial infections are considered serious public health concerns by several international organizations and local agencies, as they may lead to high mortality [1][2][3] and have been well illustrated by the few pandemic plagues in history. Infections by some common Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Enterococci) are still the main causes of human morbidity and death worldwide [4,5], especially those antibiotic resistant ones such as MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus) and VRE (vancomycin-resistant Enterococci), although some less common ones can also cause serious illness such as tetanus-causing Clostridium difficile; whereas the widely distributed Gram-negative bacteria can be opportunistic such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, pathogenic such as the plague-causing Yersinia pestis, or even lifesupporting ones such as certain types of the very common guts bacterium Escherichia coli. The emergence of antibiotics revolutionized modern medicine, which has been commonly used for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections, including the disastrous plague.…”