Standardized Patient Assessment of Medical Student Empathy

Berg, Katherine; Blatt, Benjamin; Lopreiato, Joseph; Jung, Julianna; Schaeffer, Arielle; Heil, Daniel P.; Owens, Tamara; Carter-Nolan, Pamela; Berg, Dale; Veloski, J. Jon; Darby, Elizabeth; Hojat, Mohammadreza

doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000000529

Cited by 94 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, students’ ethnic background (white vs Asian American) was found to influence simulated patients’ assessments of empathic engagement in clinical encounters in OSCE stations (33). In a multi-institutional study by Berg and colleagues (35), inconsistencies were observed between simulated patients’ assessments (using JSPPPE scores) and students’ self-reported empathy (using JSE scores) (36). The inconsistencies were explained by significant interaction effects of gender and ethnicity (white, African American, Asian/Pacific Islander) of the simulated patients as well as the medical students (36).…”

Section: Correlation With Clinician’s Self-reported Empathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient Perceptions of Clinician’s Empathy

Hojat

DeSantis

Gonnella

2017

Journal of Patient Experience

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The prominence of reciprocal understanding in patient–doctor empathic engagement implies that patient perception of clinician’s empathy has an important role in the assessment of the patient–clinician relationship. In response to a need for an assessment tool to measure patient’s views of clinician empathy, we developed a brief (5-item) instrument, the Jefferson Scale of Patient Perceptions of Physician Empathy (JSPPPE). This review article reports evidence in support of the validity and reliability of the JSPPPE.

show abstract

Section: Correlation With Clinician’s Self-reported Empathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient Perceptions of Clinician’s Empathy

Hojat

DeSantis

Gonnella

2017

Journal of Patient Experience

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Possibly, because women are hard-wired for maternity and parental care, they have been classically considered as more empathic than men (for an extensive review, see [ 3 ]). Psychological studies indeed report that women score higher than men on different self-reported measures of empathy in childhood [ 4 ], adolescence [ 5 , 6 ] and adulthood [ 7 – 9 ] with differences growing with age during the puberty period [ 5 , 10 – 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shemore thanhe: gender bias supports the empathic nature of yawn contagion inHomo sapiens

2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Psychological, clinical and neurobiological findings endorse that empathic abilities are more developed in women than in men. Because there is growing evidence that yawn contagion is an empathy-based phenomenon, we expect that the female bias in the empathic abilities reflects on a gender skew in the responsiveness to others’ yawns. We verified this assumption by applying a linear model on a dataset gathered during a 5 year period of naturalistic observations on humans. Gender, age and social bond were included in the analysis as fixed factors. The social bond and the receiver’s gender remained in the best model. The rates of contagion were significantly lower between acquaintances than between friends and family members, and significantly higher in women than in men. These results not only confirm that yawn contagion is sensitive to social closeness, but also that the phenomenon is affected by the same gender bias affecting empathy. The sex skew, also found in other non-human species, fits with the female social roles which are likely to require higher empathic abilities (e.g. parental care, group cohesion maintenance, social mediation). The fact that female influence in social dynamics also relies on face-to-face emotional exchange raises concerns on the negative repercussions of having women’s facial expressions forcibly concealed.

show abstract

“…of osteopathic medical education and equally matches the values of osteopathic patient-centered care.LimitationsAn important consideration when interpreting the results of the current study is that empathetic engagement realized through a developed patient-physician relationship may require more time than is available during a simulated encounter 26. Both the student and SP are aware of the nature of the encounter, thus potentially creating a false sense of rapport 27. This simulated situation may provide a confirmation bias whereby positive affirming behavior of both student and SP are influenced during the assessment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%