Standardized Intraabdominal Abscess Formation with Generalized Sepsis: Pathophysiology in the Rat

Hansson, Lars; Alwmark, A; Christensen, Paul; Jeppsson, Bengt; Holst, Elisabet; Bengmark, S

doi:10.1159/000128461

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The challenge material for the intra-abdominal sepsis development was prepared as previously de scribed in detail [20], In short, septic challenge mate rial was obtained by mixing cultures of Bacieroides fragilis [2.5 X 107 colony-forming units (CFU) per ml] and Escheriehia coli (1.3 X I07 CFU/ml) with adju vant substance (autoclaved rat colonic content and barium sulfate). Both bacterial strains originated from abscesses in humans.…”

Section: Preparation O F Challenge Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim of the present investigation was to study the early changes in the passage of mac romolecules over the lower respiratory tract into the blood in a rat model of gram-negative sepsis secondary to intra-abdominal bacterial infection [20], BSA (MW = 67,000 D) was used as macromolecular marker and intratracheally instilled to adult rats, and the passage via the respiratory tract was assessed as immunoreactive BSA levels in blood plasma as previously described [16], Studies on the im portance of bacteria for the development of sepsis were also performed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Passage of Bovine Serum Albumin over the Respiratory Tract after Intratracheal Instillation during Septic Shock in Rats

Hansson

Folkesson²,

Andersson³

et al. 1992

Eur Surg Res

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Sepsis may initiate acute respiratory distress syndrome which may be accompanied by an increased pulmonary epithelial-endothelial permeability. In this study, sepsis was induced by an intraperitoneal implantation of gelatine capsules containing Escherichia coli/Bacteroides fragilis adjuvant substance. The importance of bacteria in sepsis-related lung injury was studied in rats given an intraperitoneal injection of E. coli or in rats given the adjuvant substance alone in capsules intraperitoneally. Rats with empty capsules were used as controls. The rats were intratracheally instilled with bovine serum albumin (BSA) directly after the capsule implantation or the injection of E. coli, and the passage over the lower respiratory tract was assessed as blood plasma levels of immunoreactive BSA. The plasma BSA levels in the control rats increased continuously up to 24 h after intratracheal instillation. This increase was significantly augmented already 1 h after the septic challenge, i.e. before any clinical symptoms were observed, in both the septic rats and the rats with the E. coli injected intraperitoneally. Furthermore, the time required to obtain maximal plasma BSA levels was shorter in septic, adjuvant-exposed and in E. coli-injected rats than in the controls. The plasma levels and the total BSA passage over the lower respiratory tract was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in the septic and in the E. coli’-injected rats than in the adjuvant-exposed and the control rats. The results indicate that macromolecules pass over the lower respiratory tract into the blood circulation in higher amounts in septic than in control rats and rats exposed only to adjuvant substance already before any clinical signs of sepsis are observed, and that this effect may be due to bacteria and/or bacterial products. This increased inward passage may reflect the early damage to the epithelial-endothelial barrier of the respiratory tract in sepsis.

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Section: Preparation O F Challenge Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Passage of Bovine Serum Albumin over the Respiratory Tract after Intratracheal Instillation during Septic Shock in Rats

Hansson

Folkesson²,

Andersson³

et al. 1992

Eur Surg Res

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“…Animal model data suggested that the encapsulation phase of abscess formation occurs 10-14 days following infection [10] . Oxygen availability and metabolic activity are reduced within abscesses and surrounding encapsulated purulent lesions [11] . The pH of abscess fluid has been reported to range from 5.5 to 7.2 [12][13][14][15] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Principles of Antibiotic Penetration into Abscess Fluid

Wagner

Sauermann²,

Joukhadar³

2006

Pharmacology

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Although drainage is considered the gold standard in abscess treatment, abscesses of different sizes and locations have been successfully cured by means of antibiotic treatment alone. The penetration of an antibiotic into an encapsulated purulent lesion is limited and highly dependent on the degree of abscess maturation. In fact, in vivo pharmacokinetic data demonstrate that substantial antibiotic concentrations can be reached within abscesses in humans and animals, provided the choice of an appropriate agent and an optimal dosing regimen. However, the efficacy of antibiotics in pus may be hampered by various factors like low pH, protein binding and degradation by bacterial enzymes. This article provides a comprehensive review on conservative abscess treatment, presenting clinical data on success rates of antibiotic therapy. Antibiotic concentrations measured in abscesses of humans and animals are outlined, and theoretical considerations on the understanding of pharmacokinetics and efficacy of antibiotics in abscesses are discussed.

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“…Generally, Escherichia coli (E.coli) is the strain of bacteria that is mixed with sterilized cecal contents and given to the peritoneum. (14) The main advantage of this model is that the mortality rate is controllable by modifying the dose of E. coli. 3) Endogenous fecal contamination can be achieved by at least two models.…”

Section: Experimental Models To Study the Microcirculation In Sepsismentioning

confidence: 99%

The endocannabinoid system in sepsis – a potential target to improve microcirculation?

Lehmann¹,

Kianian²,

Černý³

et al. 2011

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During the last decade, research has identified the endocannabinoid system (ECS) as a key regulator of essential physiological functions, including the regulation of microvascular and immune function. Indeed, increasing evidence now suggests that release of endocannabinoids and activation of cannabinoid receptors occurs during sepsis and that manipulation of the ECS may represent an important therapeutic target to improve microcirculation in sepsis. In this review, the pharmacology and physiology of the ECS and the involvement of cannabinoids, cannabinoid receptors and non-CB1R/CB2R pathways related to ECS activation will be described. This information will increase our comprehension of the role of lipid signaling pathways in sepsis and may lead to the identification of new drug targets for the treatment of impaired microcirculation.

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Standardized Intraabdominal Abscess Formation with Generalized Sepsis: Pathophysiology in the Rat

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Increased Passage of Bovine Serum Albumin over the Respiratory Tract after Intratracheal Instillation during Septic Shock in Rats

Increased Passage of Bovine Serum Albumin over the Respiratory Tract after Intratracheal Instillation during Septic Shock in Rats

Principles of Antibiotic Penetration into Abscess Fluid

The endocannabinoid system in sepsis – a potential target to improve microcirculation?

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