Standardized Fixation of Human Lung for Radiology and Morphometry; Description of a ”Two Chamber”-System with Formaldehyde Vapor Inflation

Mittermayer, Ch.; Wybitul, K.; Rau, W. S.; Ostendorf, P.; Riede, Ursus-Nikolaus

doi:10.1016/s0344-0338(78)80134-4

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…An indirect antibody method is used and the stages are as follows: I Slides are fixed in Baker's formol-calcium for 4 min and washed in phosphatebuffered saline (PBS). 2 Figures (a) and (b). A ring-like pattern of fluorescence is obtained at this magnification.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A rapid method for identification of surface antigens on fixed cells using monoclonal antibodies.

Markey¹,

Alexander²,

Morris³

et al. 1982

J Clin Pathol

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modified apparatus: (1) Pump, (2) Internal trap, (3) Modified boss, (4) Cannula, (5) 4-way connector (converted to 3-way), (6) External water trap, (7) Intermittent interruptor valve ("breathing"), (8) Air control valve, (9) Formaldehyde 36% solution, (10) Vent, (I/) Heater, (12) Lid seal, (13) Lid handle, (14) Plug.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A rapid method for identification of surface antigens on fixed cells using monoclonal antibodies.

Markey¹,

Alexander²,

Morris³

et al. 1982

J Clin Pathol

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“…As overexpansion can be expected to result in a stretch-related decrease in the thickness of the alveolar wall tissue, estimation of the mean arithmetic thickness and of the total volume of alveolar wall tissue will help to evaluate whether or not overexpansion has to be taken into account [32]. Volume-controlled procedures of lung fixation may help to resolve such problems [124][125][126] but, to best of the present author's knowledge, have not yet been used in quantitative morphological studies of experimental emphysema.…”

Section: Fixationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models of pulmonary emphysema: a stereologist's perspective

Fehrenbach¹

2006

European Respiratory Review

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A variety of animal models have been suggested as models of pulmonary emphysema; these are critically discussed in the present article from a stereologist's perspective. In addition, a stereological design for the quantification of experimentally induced emphysema is proposed.On the basis of the widely accepted definition of pulmonary emphysema being an ''abnormal permanent enlargement of the airspaces distal to the terminal bronchioles, accompanied by destruction of their walls,'' quantitative morphology is the only method with which to reliably assess the presence of emphysema. Recognising this, careful inspection of animal models that are based on instillation of elastase, genetic alterations, inhalation of cigarette smoke or induction of apoptosis, reveals that both criteria of emphysema definition were demonstrated in surprisingly few of them.Several aspects are suggested to be critical for the understanding of animal models of human emphysema. For example, genetic models that rely on the inhibition of the formation of alveoli during post-natal alveolarisation should clearly be distinguished from models that rely on the loss of mature alveoli after alveolarisation is complete. Furthermore, inhalation models that are characterised by exposed animals exhibiting a severe loss of body weight should carefully examine the relative contribution of intervention and weight loss, respectively. Models that rely on the exposure of juvenile animals for several weeks or even months should take into account the effects of normal lung growth and ageing.Stereology offers appropriate tools with which to quantify the parameters relevant to assess development and the regeneration of emphysema. Stereologists continue to develop tools that will help ascertain the reliability of established and new models. If inappropriate parameters continue to be used for the evaluation of animal models of emphysema, thinking and resources are likely to be misdirected and the models may limit rather than expand the understanding of human emphysema and the development of new therapies.

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“…Should excessive pressure build-up the external water-trap is fitted. After the valve (7) vapour passes to the air control (8) where there is an additional inlet from the tank, thus balancing blow-by from the water-trap (2).…”

Section: Modifications To the Vapour Circula-rion And Control Boxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-mortem inflation and fixation of human lungs--a modification of available apparatus.

Durrant¹

1982

J Clin Pathol

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Standardized Fixation of Human Lung for Radiology and Morphometry; Description of a ”Two Chamber”-System with Formaldehyde Vapor Inflation

Cited by 17 publications

References 7 publications

A rapid method for identification of surface antigens on fixed cells using monoclonal antibodies.

A rapid method for identification of surface antigens on fixed cells using monoclonal antibodies.

Animal models of pulmonary emphysema: a stereologist's perspective

Post-mortem inflation and fixation of human lungs--a modification of available apparatus.

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