Standardization of Alcohol Calculations in Research

Brick, John

doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00155.x

Cited by 121 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…We obtain the amount of ethanol metabolized (161.49-4.60 = 156.80 g) ( Figure 1) [124]. This is consistent with the finding that blind-loop contents of a 0.3 kg rat oxidize ethanol at a rate of 123 mg/h [70].…”

Section: Equation (3): Calculating Circulation Alcohol Burden (Cab)supporting

confidence: 77%

“…Besides, individuals chronically exposed to ethanol convert it to its metabolites at a rate 3 to 4 fold higher than that of healthy controls [124,140]. A plausible explanation is that chronic exposure to ethanol leads to hyperinsulinemia [125], which shifts energy supply from glucose to ketone bodies [65].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the calculations, we use a validated physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model of body alcohol metabolism [124] and demographic data of patients taken from a published study [32]. According to this study, NAFLD patients had an average BAC of 7.14 mg/dL 12-h after an overnight fast [32].…”

Section: Estimating Daily Endogenous Ethanol Production and Its Firstmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to this study, NAFLD patients had an average BAC of 7.14 mg/dL 12-h after an overnight fast [32]. We assume that the mean patient height was 1.74 m (68.8976 inches), and Watson's equation was used for total-body water calculation (TBW) [124].…”

Section: Estimating Daily Endogenous Ethanol Production and Its Firstmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease as an endogenous alcoholic fatty pancreas disease

Medeiros¹,

Lima²

2016

Gastroenterol Hepatol Endosc

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Nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease (NAFPD) is closely linked to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), suggesting that the two conditions share a common etiopathogenetic background. In Addition, growing evidence indicates that endogenous ethanol (EE) plays a fundamental role in NASH pathogenesis. Accordingly, it is intuitively appealing to assume that EE plays also a causative role in NAFPD development. This connection is further supported by the finding that NAFPD shares with alcoholic fatty pancreas disease (AFPD) similar metabolic signaling pathways and histopathological features. However, low blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) along with the alleged inability of gut microbiota to produce toxic amounts of ethanol are the main obstacles to validate the idea of an endogenous alcoholic fatty pancreas disease (EAFPD). Here, we provide a mechanistic explanation reconciling the EAFPD hypothesis with these apparently conflicting observations. The key conclusions of our investigation are as follows. First, ethanol is a prodrug, implicating that under extensive presystemic metabolism BACs can be low and/ or absent. Second, oro-gastrointestinal microbiota may produce higher amounts of ethanol than those required to cause AFPD. Last, livers of NASH/NAFPD individuals overexpress all genes encoding alcohol-metabolizing enzymes identically to livers of patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Even more importantly, the upregulation of these genes is higher in the early steatotic stage of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease than in alcoholic hepatitis. This suggests a greater exposure of the liver, and by extension, of the pancreas, to ethanol in the former than in the latter condition. In summary, this paper provides a mechanistic framework for how NAFPD indeed may be an EAFPD.

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Section: Equation (3): Calculating Circulation Alcohol Burden (Cab)supporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Estimating Daily Endogenous Ethanol Production and Its Firstmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Estimating Daily Endogenous Ethanol Production and Its Firstmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease as an endogenous alcoholic fatty pancreas disease

Medeiros¹,

Lima²

2016

Gastroenterol Hepatol Endosc

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“…However, estimations of Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) are subject to substantial individual variation (for example, based on body size and composition and liver function) and on foods that are consumed. 24 They also require accurate assessments of drink size and ethanol content. Because BAC underestimations can place users at significant risk (such as risks of accidents or drinking and driving offenses), the inclusion of this feature might create serious negative consequences in the mobile tool.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing a Mobile Social Tool that Moderates Drinking

Tjondronegoro

Drennan

Kavanagh

et al. 2015

IEEE Pervasive Comput.

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A novel mobile social networking tool uses peer support to facilitate responsible drinking among young women. Focus group reports indicate that the tool's design is easy to use and its functionalities would help peers reduce risk during drinking sessions.Binge drinking by young adults is an increasing problem that results in a range of health and social harms.1 In most developed countries, drinking is considered an integral component to socializing, celebrating important events, and transitioning to adulthood. In Australia, for example, by the age of 18, approximately 50 percent of males and females drink at risky levels, but most perceive themselves as "social drinkers" and don't see their consumption pattern as problematic. In Europe, Denmark has the highest rate of binge drinking, with 60 percent of 15 to 16-yearolds reporting it; in the UK, the rate is 54 percent. Although women don't typically drink as heavily as men, they have equal or more problems than men if their drinking is immoderate. 5 Young women who binge drink are more likely to continue risky drinking patterns when pregnant 6 and frequent binge drinking during late adolescence increases the risk of depression later on.7 Women are also more vulnerable than men to the physical harms of alcohol and are at risk of sexual assault when intoxicated in public places. 8 These prominent issues-along with the observation that young women tend to look out for each other on social occasions to avoid potential harm to group members 9 -inspired us to target young women in designing a mobile tool to support drinking moderation.Most young people are reluctant to seek assistance in controlling their drinking due to stigma, embarrassment, and a desire to handle problems on their own.10 Governments and health authorities have attempted to transition young adults toward moderate drinking behavior via legislation, such as increased taxes on "ready mixed" drinks and advertising campaigns. However, these strategies have had only a limited impact on community-wide levels of drinking by young people. 11For an intervention strategy to be effective at the time and place it occurs, it must consider the context of consumption.12,13 To date, little research exists on the use of mobile technologies to moderate drinking. Research on Internet-based alcohol interventions for young people has typically focused on the provision of information and normative feedback, which has small but reliable effects, at least in the short term.14 However, these interventions aren't designed for use in the drinking context. Mobile phones provide a technological

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Assessment of Cimetropium Bromide Use for the Detection of Gastric Neoplasms During Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

et al. 2022

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Key Points Question Is the use of cimetropium bromide, an antispasmodic agent, associated with higher rates of detection of gastric neoplasms during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) screening? Findings In this cohort study of 67 683 participants who received EGD screening, the use of cimetropium bromide as premedication was associated with higher gastric neoplasm detection rates during EGD than nonuse. Lesions in the gastric body were detected more frequently in those who received cimetropium bromide compared with those who did not. Meaning This study’s findings suggest that cimetropium bromide may be considered as premedication for the detection of gastric neoplasms during EGD examination among individuals with no contraindications.

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Standardization of Alcohol Calculations in Research

Cited by 121 publications

References 39 publications

Nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease as an endogenous alcoholic fatty pancreas disease

Nonalcoholic fatty pancreas disease as an endogenous alcoholic fatty pancreas disease

Designing a Mobile Social Tool that Moderates Drinking

Assessment of Cimetropium Bromide Use for the Detection of Gastric Neoplasms During Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

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