Introduction: Siddha system of medicine is one of the most accepted traditional system of medicine in India. This system provides innumerous dosage of drug formulations from the herbal plant mentioned in the Siddhar"s literature. The present study represents the preparation and formulation of Amirthathi churnam and Nandukal (Fossil stone of Crab) chunnam of Siddha drugs in the treatment of Nephrolithiasis (urinary stones). The highly commended medicine formulation of churnam (power) and chunnam (calcinated nanoparticle powder) in Siddha medicine system is comprehensively used in the drug preparation and therapeutic effects. Churnam is a mixture of powdered herbs and or minerals used in Siddha and Ayurvedic medicine. Chunnam is highly acclaimed dosage form of alkaline group of drugs indicated for chronic diseases.
Methodology:The preparation of Amirthathi churnam is performed from the 25 herbal plants and camphor chemical substance. The roots, leaves, barks, woods, fruits, seeds, flower, rhizomes and nutlets of the plants are dried and pulverized to 0.004mm (powder particle size) to produce Amirthathi churnam as per the Pala Thiratha Chuvadi (Tamil medicine literature written in palm leaves). Similarly the Nandukal chunnam is formulated from the pooneeru and lime water. After purification of this extract, the Aolevera latex is mixed with the formulation and calcinated as per the procedure of Agasthiar Nandukal Sootheram (method of formulation).
Results:The efficacy of Amirthathi churnam and Nandukal chunnam have been carried out by the clinical trial for 20 patients between the age 15 and 75. The urinary tracts stones are causing renal morbidity due to the presence of citrate ions in urine which forms soluble complex with Ca+ and Mg+. The clinical test of these formulations against treatment of Nephrolithiasis reveals the recovery of renal calculus (77%), ureteric calculus (80%) and vesicle calculus (50%). Hence, the use of Amirthathi churnam and Nandukal chunnam has shown effective results in the management of urinary tract stones by excretion of citrate ions. The chemical analysis of the drug shows that the elements are within the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended limits. It is observed that these formulations would reduce the citrituric effect for long life span.
Discussion:The role of the above prepared drug used as a lithotripic agent in about 20 patients with Nephrolithiasis. The clinical evaluation reveals that the symptom of burning micturalion, dyuria, Hematuria, abdominal pain from loin to groin, Back pain, and general symptoms like nausea and vomiting reduced significantly in all the patients. This indicated the positive results to remove the urinary stones. The 99% of patients having 0.5mm size of the calculi have been recovered after the periods of treatment.
Conclusion:The drugs namely Amirthathi churnam and Nuandukkal chunnam are having good response to reduce the size of the calculi. The clinical studies of these drugs provide positive results to remove the urinary stones. After having tr...