Standardization and Quality Control of Herbal Extracts and Products

Zeng, Jianguo; Tan, Man‐liang; Xuan, Ping; Luo, Qi

doi:10.1002/9780470921340.ch9

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…IR can take place in the near-, mid- or far-infrared regions, or use a Fourier Transform method to simultaneously beam many frequencies, repeated in bursts of different combinations over a short time and then calculate the absorbance at each wavelength. The near range, from 780–2,526 nm is the most commonly used in quality control due to having higher energy and penetration capacity and producing less heat ( Zeng et al, 2011 ) while the mid-infrared spectrum (2.5–25 µm) is superior for identifying structure and functional groups ( Liang et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These organisations already have access to MS and NMR equipment and most smaller labs have UV-Vis fitted as standard equipment on their chromatography devices. This means an extra expense to install an IR device, train staff in its use and to develop the reference models for which there are few available in English and whose development requires time and expertise in chemometrics resulting in its low popularity as a method of analysing herbal teas ( Zeng et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitochondrial Function as a Potential Tool for Assessing Function, Quality and Adulteration in Medicinal Herbal Teas

Woodley¹,

Mould²,

Sahuri-Arisoylu³

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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Quality control has been a significant issue in herbal medicine since herbs became widely used to heal. Modern technologies have improved the methods of evaluating the quality of medicinal herbs but the methods of adulterating them have also grown in sophistication. In this paper we undertook a comprehensive literature search to identify the key analytical techniques used in the quality control of herbal medicine, reviewing their uses and limitations. We also present a new tool, based on mitochondrial profiling, that can be used to measure medicinal herbal quality. Besides being fundamental to the energy metabolism required for most cellular activities, mitochondria play a direct role in cellular signalling, apoptosis, stress responses, inflammation, cancer, ageing, and neurological function, mirroring some of the most common reasons people take herbal medicines. A fingerprint of the specific mitochondrial effects of medicinal herbs can be documented in order to assess their potential efficacy, detect adulterations that modulate these effects and determine the relative potency of batches. Furthermore, through this method it will be possible to assess whole herbs or complex formulas thus avoiding the issues inherent in identifying active ingredients which may be complex or unknown. Thus, while current analytical methods focus on determining the chemical quality of herbal medicines, including adulteration and contamination, mitochondrial functional analysis offers a new way of determining the quality of plant derived products that is more closely linked to the biological activity of a product and its potential clinical effectiveness.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Function as a Potential Tool for Assessing Function, Quality and Adulteration in Medicinal Herbal Teas

Woodley¹,

Mould²,

Sahuri-Arisoylu³

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…The determination of organoleptic characteristics, pH value, and total extractable substances were performed following standard protocols [ 45 ]. Organoleptic properties were evaluated by simple inspection of their appearance (color, texture, and smell).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

LC-MS Characterization and Biological Activities of Cuban Cultivars of Plectranthus neochilus Schltr

Rodríguez-Ferreiro

Ochoa-Pacheco

Méndez-Rodríguez

et al. 2022

Plants

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Plectranthus neochilus Schltr. (Lamiaceae) is a plant recently introduced in Cuba. Worldwide, it is an ethnomedicinal alternative for its use against microbial infections, but the Cuban population use the extracts to treat sleep disorders. To address this apparent incongruity, four collections (from different seasonal conditions in the year) of Cuban P. neochilus cultivars were analyzed in terms of their pharmacognostic characteristics. Three extracts using fresh and dried leaves were chemically and biologically characterized. UPLC-DAD-MS/MS analysis was performed to determine their chemical composition, while a panel of nine microorganisms was used to evaluate their antimicrobial activity. Finally, cytotoxic effects of different fractions were measured in three cell lines by the resazurin viability assay. In contrast to previously reported micro and macromorphological properties of P. neochilus, the leaves from the Cuban cultivars did not present glandular trichomes, nor did they produce quantifiable levels of essential oils. Moreover, aqueous extracts used by the population revealed no significant antimicrobial activity and were not cytotoxic. The three extracts showed a similar phytochemical composition, i.e., eight flavonoids, seven abietane diterpenes, and rosmarinic acid as the major constituent, most of them reported for the first time in this species. The low yield of essential oil, the absence of glandular trichomes, compounds with a high level of oxidation, and a moderate antimicrobial activity detected were the most distinctive pharmacognostic and biological characteristics of P. neochilus grown in Cuba. These aspects could explain its non-use as an antimicrobial.

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“…Many extracts claim to be standardized, or adjusted to contain a defined amount of the known marker compound(s) or active constituents, which theoretically helps ensure batch-to-batch reproducibility. Extracts may also be quantified or normalized; the method used depends on whether the active constituent is known or not (Garg et al, 2012; Ong, 2004; Zeng et al, 2011). Different approaches to extract preparation may alter the properties of the final product (i.e.…”

Section: The Complexity Of Botanical Dietary Supplementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Naturally complex: Perspectives and challenges associated with Botanical Dietary Supplement Safety assessment

Shipkowski

Betz

Birnbaum

et al. 2018

Food and Chemical Toxicology

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Standardization and Quality Control of Herbal Extracts and Products

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Mitochondrial Function as a Potential Tool for Assessing Function, Quality and Adulteration in Medicinal Herbal Teas

Mitochondrial Function as a Potential Tool for Assessing Function, Quality and Adulteration in Medicinal Herbal Teas

LC-MS Characterization and Biological Activities of Cuban Cultivars of Plectranthus neochilus Schltr

Naturally complex: Perspectives and challenges associated with Botanical Dietary Supplement Safety assessment

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