Standardization and Expert Knowledge

Jacobsson, Bengt

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199256952.003.0003

Cited by 45 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Expertise is what provides legitimacy to standardization (Jacobsson, 2000), in particular in the EU where the use of experts has been considered an important aspect in assuring legitimacy (Metz, 2013). However, in addition to experts, the development of standards is viewed as a process through which governance becomes networked by including new actors in the process (Borraz, 2007;Lawn, 2011).…”

Section: Standardization: Policy Coordination 20 In the Eu?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardization of (higher) education in Europe – policy coordination 2.0?

Elken

2017

Policy and Society

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the nordic institute for Studies in innovation, Research and education (niFU), oslo, norway ABSTRACTThe European educational landscape is changing. Education remains formally under the sphere of the nation states and has traditionally been resistant towards EU involvement. Several recent initiatives from joint policy-making point towards increased standardization as a key element of European integration in education and higher education. The article builds on the notion of standards-based governance and outlines this as a distinct mode for policy-making in the EU, emphasizing incentives and voluntary implementation, the use of expertise and technical calibration, their quasi-regulatory nature of the process. The article draws on a number of empirical examples to show how standards have been used for higher education policy on EU level.

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Section: Standardization: Policy Coordination 20 In the Eu?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardization of (higher) education in Europe – policy coordination 2.0?

Elken

2017

Policy and Society

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“…Of course, consensus is often difficult to achieve because members have different interests or opinions on what the 'right' standard should be. To resolve conflicts, standardisers commonly refer to expert knowledge (Jacobsson, 2000;Jakobs, 2002). Experts may come from different domains (e.g., standard users, scientists, and consultants) and their insights usually become incorporated in the de-contextualised rules that make up the respective standard.…”

Section: Standardisation By Organisationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dynamics of Standardization: Three Perspectives on Standards in Organization Studies

Brunsson

Rasche

Seidl

2012

Organization Studies

296

217

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This paper suggests that when the phenomenon of standards and standardization is examined from the perspective of organization studies, three aspects stand out: the standardization of organizations, standardization by organizations and standardization as (a form of) organization. Following a comprehensive overview of existing research in these three areas, we argue that the dynamic aspects of standardization are under-represented in the scholarly discourse. Furthermore, we identify the main types of tension associated with standardization and the dynamics they generate in each of those three areas, and show that, while standards and standardization are typically associated with stability and sameness, they are essentially a dynamic phenomenon. The paper highlights the contributions of this special issue to the topic of standards as a dynamic phenomenon in organization studies and makes suggestions for future research. AbstractThis article suggests that when the phenomenon of standards and standardisation is examined from the perspective of organisation studies three aspects stand out: the standardisation of organisations, standardisation by organisations, and standardisation as (a form of) organisation. Following a comprehensive overview of existing research in these three areas, we argue that the dynamic aspects of standardisation are underrepresented in the scholarly discourse. Furthermore, we identify the main types of tension associated with standardisation and the dynamics they generate in each of those three areas, and show that, while standards and standardisation are typically associated with stability and sameness, they are essentially a dynamic phenomenon. The article highlights the contributions of this special issue to the topic of standards as a dynamic phenomenon in organisation studies and makes suggestions for future research.

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“…The explanation why the standards are so important for the Indian supplier in relation to his European customers might be that standards are viewed as a way of seeking legitimacy from the surrounding world (Jacobsson, 2000).…”

Section: The Interpretation and Translation Of Fairmentioning

confidence: 99%

Societal entrepreneurship contextualized: the dark and bright sides of Fair Trade

Schwartz¹

2012

Societal Entrepreneurship

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The paper is based on a study of how the Swedish Fair Trade textile company Oria interplays with other organizations such as business customers, Fair Trade suppliers in India, and NGOs, and how they act as societal entrepreneurs to change the situation in India as regards social and environmental issues. The aim is to understand how different organizations and companies acting in different contexts like Sweden and India work to change the business society according to the idea of Fair Trade. Both dark and bright sides emerge from the results of the actors" behaviour. The study shows that the societal entrepreneurship processes of Fair Trade in Sweden and India are dependent on actions driven by the actors" contextualized values and norms. The Swedish actors focus on Western management models such as standards and certifications, since they regard control and legitimacy as important. The Indian Fair Trade supplier adapts to the standards and certifications, but the dark side of his adaption could be explained as postcolonial coercive forces. A brighter side is the supplier"s ability to understand and combine the possibilities in both the European and Indian contexts. A challenging perspective on societal entrepreneurship is expressed in the Fair Trade paradox and is shown by the identity dilemmas the CEO of the Fair Trade company Oria struggles with in her daily practice of entrepreneurship.

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Standardization and Expert Knowledge

Cited by 45 publications

References 21 publications

Standardization of (higher) education in Europe – policy coordination 2.0?

Standardization of (higher) education in Europe – policy coordination 2.0?

The Dynamics of Standardization: Three Perspectives on Standards in Organization Studies

Societal entrepreneurship contextualized: the dark and bright sides of Fair Trade

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