Standardised studies on Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) and Hypomineralised Second Primary Molars (HSPM): a need

Abstract

In November 2014, a review of literature concerning prevalence data of Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation (MIH) and Hypomineralised Second Primary Molars (HSPM) was performed. A search of PubMed online databases was conducted for relevant articles published until November 2014. The reference lists of all retrieved articles were hand-searched. Studies were included after assessing the eligibility of the full-text article. Out of 1078 manuscripts, a total of 157 English written publications were selected based on title and abstract. Of these 157, 60 were included in the study and allocated as 52 MIH and 5 HSPM, and 3 for both MIH and HSPM. These studies utilised the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry judgment criteria, the modified index of developmental defects of enamel (mDDE) and self-devised criteria, and demonstrated a wide variation in the reported prevalence (MIH 2.9-44 %; HSPM 0-21.8 %). Most values mentioned were representative for specific areas. More studies were performed in cities compared with rural areas. A great variation was found in calibration methods, number of participants, number of examiners and research protocols between the studies. The majority of the prevalence studies also investigated possible aetiological factors. To compare MIH and HSPM prevalence and or aetiological data around the world, standardisation of such studies seems essential. Standardisation of the research protocol should include a clearly described sample of children (minimum number of 300 for prevalence and 1000 for aetiology studies) and use of the same calibration sets and methods whereas aetiological studies need to be prospective in nature. A standardised protocol for future MIH and HSPM prevalence and aetiology studies is recommended.

Molar Incisor Hypomineralization in a Group of Female Children in Riyadh: Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics.

“…It would be better in future studies to categorize the enamel breakdown according to the size of disintegrated enamel to assess the degree of severity properly. Elfrink et al, (2015), in their overview of the available literature on the prevalence of MIH, concluded that there is a need to develop standardized scoring criteria and score sheets for diagnosing MIH in order to have worldwide comparable results. Consequently, Ghanim and coworkers (2015) proposed a scoring method that enables the total spectra of MIH to be determined by including the clinical presentation of enamel lesions, the size of the tooth surface area affected by the lesion, and the tooth eruption status.…”

“…A considerable variation in the prevalence of MIH throughout the world has been reported. In the recent reviews of MIH, rates range from 2.4% to 44% (Jalevik, 2010;Meligy et al, 2014;Elfrink et al, 2015). More studies have been conducted in Northern Europe, while only very few have been done in the region of the Middle East.…”

Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Molar-Incisor-Hypomineralization in School Children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

“…A comparison of the results from different studies was therefore difficult. The review of recent studies in MIH show prevalence rates as ranging from between 2.4% through to 44% 8,17,20 . Importantly, there is little information available in regards the occurrence of MIH amongst school children in the Arabian Peninsula.…”

Definition and scoring system of molar incisor hypomineralization: A review

“…Other Non-European prevalence data also demonstrate extreme variations with a prevalence rate as low as 2.8 % in Hong Kong [12] and a rate as high as 40.2% in Brazilian children [13]. The extensive variation in the described rates is suggested to be either due to actual differences in MIH prevalence between different populations, variations in age cohorts, masking of MIH by other conditions, or most importantly, due to the different clinical examination protocols used to define this condition and the non-uniform methods of classification and scoring indices [14][15][16][17]. The objective of the current review was to systematically evaluate the studies on MIH to determine the consistency of the use of the current definition and scoring systems.…”