Standard of spectral radiance for the region of 0.25 to 2.6 microns

Stair, R.; Johnston, R.G.; Halbach, E. W.

doi:10.6028/jres.064a.028

Cited by 80 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…After fairly successful use for more than half a century, [60][61][62][63][64] conventional tungsten ribbon lamps 19 calibrated against NIST standards for absolute values of spectral radiance were discontinued. The modern alternatives to these relatively cheap yet robust and reliable light sources are standards of spectral radiance employing integrating spheres 65,66 and high-power quartz halogen lamps or quasi-continuouswave lasers.…”

Section: Continuous Laboratory Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributed Review: Absolute spectral radiance calibration of fiber-optic shock-temperature pyrometers using a coiled-coil irradiance standard lamp

Fat’yanov

Asimow

2015

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Development of a fast fiber-optic two-color pyrometer for the temperature measurement of surfaces with varying emissivities Rev. Sci. Instrum. 72, 3366 (2001); 10.1063/1.1384448 This article is copyrighted as indicated in the article. Reuse of AIP content is subject to the terms at: http://scitationnew. We describe an accurate and precise calibration procedure for multichannel optical pyrometers such as the 6-channel, 3-ns temporal resolution instrument used in the Caltech experimental geophysics laboratory. We begin with a review of calibration sources for shock temperatures in the 3000-30 000 K range. High-power, coiled tungsten halogen standards of spectral irradiance appear to be the only practical alternative to NIST-traceable tungsten ribbon lamps, which are no longer available with large enough calibrated area. However, non-uniform radiance complicates the use of such coiled lamps for reliable and reproducible calibration of pyrometers that employ imaging or relay optics. Careful analysis of documented methods of shock pyrometer calibration to coiled irradiance standard lamps shows that only one technique, not directly applicable in our case, is free of major radiometric errors. We provide a detailed description of the modified Caltech pyrometer instrument and a procedure for its absolute spectral radiance calibration, accurate to ±5%. We employ a designated central area of a 0.7× demagnified image of a coiled-coil tungsten halogen lamp filament, cross-calibrated against a NIST-traceable tungsten ribbon lamp. We give the results of the cross-calibration along with descriptions of the optical arrangement, data acquisition, and processing. We describe a procedure to characterize the difference between the static and dynamic response of amplified photodetectors, allowing time-dependent photodiode correction factors for spectral radiance histories from shock experiments. We validate correct operation of the modified Caltech pyrometer with actual shock temperature experiments on single-crystal NaCl and MgO and obtain very good agreement with the literature data for these substances. We conclude with a summary of the most essential requirements for error-free calibration of a fiber-optic shock-temperature pyrometer using a high-power coiled tungsten halogen irradiance standard lamp. C 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.[http://dx

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Section: Continuous Laboratory Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributed Review: Absolute spectral radiance calibration of fiber-optic shock-temperature pyrometers using a coiled-coil irradiance standard lamp

Fat’yanov

Asimow

2015

Review of Scientific Instruments

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“…The greatest source of error in the use of tungsten lamps appears to be the un cer· tainty in the spectral emissivity (e(A» of tungsten. T o overcome this error, Stair et al [24] at the National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C., individually calibrate tungsten strip lamps against a high temperature black body, and it is probable that these lamps (type U90) are the most accurate spectral radiant sources presently available. The uncertainty in output ranges from a maximum of 8 percent at short wavelengths to 3 percent at long wavelengths [24].…”

Section: B Tungsten Lamp Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T o overcome this error, Stair et al [24] at the National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C., individually calibrate tungsten strip lamps against a high temperature black body, and it is probable that these lamps (type U90) are the most accurate spectral radiant sources presently available. The uncertainty in output ranges from a maximum of 8 percent at short wavelengths to 3 percent at long wavelengths [24]. A description of the use of a standard tungsten lamp is given by Christiansen and Ames [25].…”

Section: B Tungsten Lamp Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absolute spectrofluorometry

Melhuish¹

1972

J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN. SECT. A.

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“…(1) replacement of the system source by a 'standard source', such as a calibrated tungsten bulb (Stair, Johnston & Halbach, 1960); (2) replacement of the system detector by an absolute detector, such as a thermopile (Melhuish, 1972;Rutgers, 1972); (3) use of a quantum counter of known quantum efficiency (Melhuish, 1972).…”

Section: Photon-cozmting Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Denver Universal Microspectroradiometer (DUM)

David

Galbraith

1975

Journal of Microscopy

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SUMMARY This paper discusses the design and describes the construction of an accurate digital microspectrophotometer, microspectrofluorimeter and microrefractometer known as the ‘Denver Universal Microspectroradiometer’ (DUM). The instrument operates in the spectral range of between 428.3 and 1303.4 THz (700–230 nm). Microscopic objects are scanned digitally in two dimensions and absolute digital spectra of various kinds are obtained automatically. Optical path differences can be measured automatically in the same microdomains in which absorbance, fluorescence and bioluminescence are studied. Measurements on solutions in standard cuvettes, and other macroscopic objects, can be made without altering the alignment of the optical components used in microanalysis. The multi‐detector radiometric system is based on the principle of synchronous single photoelectron counting. The operation of the entire system is controlled by an integral computer which is also used for on‐line data‐processing, reduction and analysis. Automatic multiparametric and multicomponent analyses can be carried out with relative ease. The quality of the images obtained is largely diffraction‐limited, and the instrumental uncertainty of measurement is essentially that imposed by the quantum statistics of the radiation captured by the detectors. The linear dynamic range is about 108. The limit of detectability of absorbance is of the order of 0.0001. The system is sensitive enough to measure paucimolecular photoemissive events, such as cellular bioluminescence, yielding about 0.1s−1 photoelectrons (equivalent photocathode current ≃3 times 10−22 A). The absolute accuracy of the system is limited principally by uncertainties inherent in currently available methods of calibrating the spectral response of detectors.

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Standard of spectral radiance for the region of 0.25 to 2.6 microns

Cited by 80 publications

References 12 publications

Contributed Review: Absolute spectral radiance calibration of fiber-optic shock-temperature pyrometers using a coiled-coil irradiance standard lamp

Contributed Review: Absolute spectral radiance calibration of fiber-optic shock-temperature pyrometers using a coiled-coil irradiance standard lamp

Absolute spectrofluorometry

The Denver Universal Microspectroradiometer (DUM)

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