Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation of Pb5Bi8O17 and PbBi12O19 and phase diagram of the Pb–Bi–O system

Ganesan, Rajesh; Srinivasa, R.S.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2008.01.003

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The equilibrium oxygen pressures were measured between (777 and 865) K. The data obtained are given in table 3 and are also shown in figure 5. Figure also compares the current data with those of Reinders and Hamburger [19], Otto [20], Kharif et al [21] and Ganesan et al [22]. It is seen that the present data are in very good agreement with those reported in literature.…”

Section: Manometric Measurementssupporting

confidence: 90%

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Standard molar Gibbs free energy of formation of Pb5CrO8(s), Pb2CrO5(s), and PbCrO4(s)

Sahu

Ganesan

Gnanasekaran

2010

The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics

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a b s t r a c tStandard molar Gibbs free energy of formation of ternary oxides Pb 5 CrO 8 (s), Pb 2 CrO 5 (s), and PbCrO 4 (s) were determined by measuring equilibrium oxygen partial pressures over relevant phase fields using manometry and solid oxide electrolyte based emf methods and are given by: D f G m Pb 5 CrO 8 ðsÞ AE 0:55=ðkJ Á mol À1 Þ ¼ À1809:4 þ 0:6845ðT=KÞ ð837 T=K 1008Þ; D f G m Pb 2 CrO 5 ðsÞ AE 0:30=ðkJ Á mol À1 Þ ¼ À1161:3 þ 0:4059ðT=KÞ ð859 T=K 1021Þ; D f G m PbCrO 4 ðsÞ AE 0:17=ðkJ Á mol À1 Þ ¼ À909:8 þ 0:3111ðT=KÞ ð863 T=K 1093Þ; Ó

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Section: Manometric Measurementssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Variation of oxygen pressure in {PbO(s) + Pb 3 O 4 (s)} system with temperature. h Reinders and Hamburger[19], s Otto[20], r Kharif et al[21], 4Ganesan et al[22], } Present work.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Standard molar Gibbs free energy of formation of Pb5CrO8(s), Pb2CrO5(s), and PbCrO4(s)

Sahu

Ganesan

Gnanasekaran

2010

The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics

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“…One possible reason for this qualitative, nearly quantitative agreement is that, within the experiments considered in this paper, no large oversaturations are reached. Using the description of eqn (6) and (10), this means that the critical radius of nucleated PbO particles is always larger than 10 À9 m. Such nuclei consist of more than hundred PbO molecules and can therefore be thought to agree rather well with the macroscopic description provided by CNT.…”

Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…6 The equilibrium between dissolved oxygen and PbO in LBE has been studied by, among others, Kishimoto et al, 7 Ganesan et al 8 and more recently by Lim et al 9 for lower operating temperatures. Sodium fast reactors rely on cold trap purification systems for reliable operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleation and growth of lead oxide particles in liquid lead-bismuth eutectic

Gladinez

Rosseel

Lim

et al. 2017

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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a Liquid lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) is an important candidate to become the primary coolant of future, generation IV, nuclear fast reactors and Accelerator Driven System (ADS) concepts. One of the main challenges with the use of LBE as a coolant is to avoid its oxidation which results in solid lead oxide (PbO) precipitation. The chemical equilibria governing PbO formation are well understood. However, insufficient kinetic information is currently available for the development of LBE-based nuclear technology. Here, we report the results of experiments in which the nucleation, growth and dissolution of PbO in LBE during temperature cycling are measured by monitoring dissolved oxygen using potentiometric oxygen sensors. The metastable region, above which PbO nucleation can occur, has been determined under conditions relevant for the operation of LBE cooled nuclear systems and was found to be independent of setup geometry and thus thought to be widely applicable. A kinetic model to describe formation and dissolution of PbO particles in LBE is proposed, based on Classical Nucleation Theory (CNT) combined with mass transfer limited growth and dissolution. This model can accurately predict the experimentally observed changes in oxygen concentration due to nucleation, growth and dissolution of PbO, using the effective interfacial energy of a PbO nucleus in LBE as a fitting parameter.The results are invaluable to evaluate the consequences of oxygen ingress in LBE cooled nuclear systems under normal operating and accidental conditions and form the basis for the development of cold trap technology to avoid PbO formation in the primary reactor circuit.

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“…/). According to Ganesan et al [10], the /-Bi 8 Pb 5 O 17 (4:5) form is more stable than b 2 . The b ss is the high temperature phase with a body-centered cubic form.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

Experimental investigations and thermodynamic description of the PbO−Bi2O3 system

Diop

Nugent

Fiorani

et al. 2009

The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics

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Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation of Pb5Bi8O17 and PbBi12O19 and phase diagram of the Pb–Bi–O system

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Standard molar Gibbs free energy of formation of Pb5CrO8(s), Pb2CrO5(s), and PbCrO4(s)

Standard molar Gibbs free energy of formation of Pb5CrO8(s), Pb2CrO5(s), and PbCrO4(s)

Nucleation and growth of lead oxide particles in liquid lead-bismuth eutectic

Experimental investigations and thermodynamic description of the PbO−Bi2O3 system

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