Standard error of measurement and smallest detectable change of the Sarcopenia Quality of Life (SarQoL) questionnaire: An analysis of subjects from 9 validation studies

Geerinck, Anton; Alekna, Vidmantas; Beaudart, Charlotte; Bautmans, Ivan; Cooper, Cyrus; Orlandi, Fabiana de Souza; Konstantynowicz, Jerzy; Montero‐Errasquín, Beatriz; Topinková, Eva; Τσεκούρα, Μαρία; Reginster, Jean Yves; Bruyère, Olivier

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0216065

Cited by 47 publications

(53 citation statements)

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“…However, despite an ICC of 0.912 (95% CI = 0.847-0.942) for the test-retest reliability, we did find a systematic bias of 4.11 (95% CI = 2.51; 5.72) points. An earlier analysis of the original SarQoL ® questionnaire in a sample of 274 sarcopenic participants demonstrated no such bias [0.18 (− 0.26; 0.63) points], so this result was unexpected [11]. It is unclear how this bias originated and whether it is a feature of the questionnaire or a one-off event, specific to this sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The scoring algorithm is not publicly available, but tools to calculate the scores are available by contacting info@sarqol.org. The clinimetric properties of the questionnaire have been evaluated in 11 different languagespecific versions, and considerable information is available for known-groups validity, construct validity, internal consistency, floor and ceiling effects, test-retest reliability, standard error of measurement, smallest detectable change, and an evaluation of the responsiveness of the SarQoL has also been carried out [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Based on these results, the SarQoL is considered to be a valid, reliable and responsive instrument.…”

Section: Development Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The clinimetric properties of the SarQoL questionnaire have been examined for 11 language-specific versions of the questionnaire and has demonstrated strong measurement properties [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The questionnaire has been extensively translated, and is available in 30 languages from the website www.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and validation of a short version of the Sarcopenia Quality of Life questionnaire: the SF-SarQoL

et al. 2021

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Purpose To facilitate the measurement of quality of life in sarcopenia, we set out to reduce the number of items in the previously validated Sarcopenia Quality of Life (SarQoL®) questionnaire, and to evaluate the clinimetric properties of this new short form. Methods The item reduction process was carried out in two phases. First, information was gathered through item-impact scores from older people (n = 1950), a Delphi method with sarcopenia experts, and previously published clinimetric data. In the second phase, this information was presented to an expert panel that decided which of the items to include in the short form. The newly created SFSarQoL was then administered to older, community-dwelling participants who previously participated in the SarcoPhAge study. We examined discriminative power, internal consistency, construct validity, test–retest reliability, structural validity and examined item parameters with a graded response model (IRT). Results The questionnaire was reduced from 55 to 14 items, a 75% reduction. A total of 214 older, community-dwelling people were recruited for the validation study. The clinimetric evaluation showed that the SF-SarQoL® can discriminate on sarcopenia status [EWGSOP2 criteria; 34.52 (18.59–43.45) vs. 42.86 (26.56–63.69); p = 0.043], is internally consistent (α = 0.915, ω = 0.917) and reliable [ICC = 0.912 (0.847–0.942)]. A unidimensional model was fitted (CFI = 0.978; TLI = 0.975; RMSEA = 0.108, 90% CI 0.094–0.123; SRMR = 0.055) with no misfitting items and good response category separation. Conclusions A new, 14-item, short form version of the Sarcopenia Quality of Life questionnaire has been developed and shows good clinimetric properties.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Development Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and validation of a short version of the Sarcopenia Quality of Life questionnaire: the SF-SarQoL

et al. 2021

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“…The SarQoL questionnaire has been validated in multiple languages and has been shown to be a valid and reliable instrument 13,15–19,33 . The questionnaire was shown to be responsive to changes in QoL in a sample of 42 sarcopenic subjects followed over 3 years, and its standard error of measurement (SEM) and smallest detectable change have been calculated in different European populations as well as pooled 20,21 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating quality of life in frailty: applicability and clinimetric properties of the SarQoL^® questionnaire

Geerinck

Locquet

Bruyère

et al. 2021

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Background The SarQoL® questionnaire was specifically designed to measure quality of life (QoL) in sarcopenia. Frailty and sarcopenia have areas of overlap, notably weak muscle strength and slow gait speed, which may mean that the SarQoL could provide a measure of QoL in frailty. This study aimed to evaluate the clinimetric properties of the SarQoL questionnaire in physical frailty using the Fried criteria. Methods Analyses were carried out on data from the Sarcopenia and Physical impairment with advancing Age study. Frailty was assessed with the Fried criteria and QoL with the SarQoL, the Short-Form 36-Item, and the EuroQoL 5-Dimension (EQ-5D) questionnaires. We evaluated discriminative power (with the Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance test), internal consistency (with Cronbach's alpha), construct validity (through hypotheses testing), test-retest reliability (with the intraclass correlation coefficient), measurement error (calculating standard error of measurement and smallest detectable change), and responsiveness (through hypotheses testing and standardized response mean). Results In total, 382 participants were included for the validation and 117 for the responsiveness evaluation. They had a median age of 73 (69-79) years, took 5 (3-8) drugs, and had 4 (3-5) co-morbidities. There were more women (n = 223; 58.4%) than men and, in total, 172 (45%) robust, 167 (44%) pre-frail, and 43 (11%) frail participants. Discriminative power was confirmed when significantly lower (P < 0.001) overall SarQoL scores, and thus also worse QoL, were observed between robust [77.1 (64.35-85.90)], pre-frail [62.54 (53.33-69.57)], and frail [49.99 (40.45-56.06)] participants. Six of the SarQoL domains performed likewise, with significantly lower scores according to frailty status with Domain 7 (fears) being the exception. Internal consistency was good (α = 0.866). Convergent (using Short-Form 36-Item and EQ-5D) and divergent construct validity (using EQ-5D) was confirmed. Test-retest reliability was excellent [intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.918 (0.834-0.961)], with a standard error of measurement of 3.88 and a smallest detectable change of 10.76 points. We found moderate responsiveness when five of the nine hypotheses were confirmed, coupled with a large effect size for the overall SarQoL score (corrected standardized response mean of À1.44). Conclusions The SarQoL questionnaire has adequate clinimetric properties for use with frail patients in clinical practice and trials and could provide data that are more appropriate and detailed than the generic questionnaires currently used.

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“…Geerinck et al [40] reported that this specific instrument is more sensitive to change as compared with generic tools largely used as PROMs, such as the SF-36 or EQ-5D questionnaire. Publications [52] related to the SarQoL ® questionnaire also provide its standard error of measurement (2.65 points on a scale of 0-100 points) and its smallest detectable change (7.35 points on a scale of 0-100 points), through the combination of nine cohort studies, which provides a high external validity and useful data for clinical trials. Finally, this tool is available in more than 27 languages, all translations being performed by following rigorous guidelines.…”

Section: Primary Endpointmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the ESCEO recommendation for the conduct of clinical trials for drugs aiming at the treatment of sarcopenia in older adults

et al. 2020

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Background In 2016, an expert working group was convened under the auspices of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO) and formulated consensus recommendations for the conduct of clinical trials for drugs to prevent or treat sarcopenia. Aims The objective of the current paper is to provide a 2020 update of the previous recommendations in accordance with the evidence that has become available since our original recommendations. Methods This paper is based on literature reviews performed by members of the ESCEO working group and followed up with face to face meetings organized for the whole group to make amendments and discuss further recommendations. Results The randomized placebo-controlled double-blind parallel-arm drug clinical trials should be the design of choice for both phase II and III trials. Treatment and follow-up should run at least 6 months for phase II and 12 months for phase III trials. Overall physical activity, nutrition, co-prescriptions and comorbidity should be recorded. Participants in these trials should be at least 70-years-old and present with a combination of low muscle strength and low physical performance. Severely malnourished individuals, as well as bedridden patients, patients with extremely limited mobility or individuals with physical limitations clearly attributable to the direct effect of a specific disease, should be excluded. Multiple outcomes are proposed for phase II trials, including, as example, physical performance, muscle strength and mass, muscle metabolism and muscle-bone interaction. For phase III trials, we recommend a co-primary endpoint of a measure of functional performance and a Patient Reported Outcome Measure. Conclusion The working group has formulated consensus recommendations on specific aspects of trial design, and in doing so hopes to contribute to an improvement of the methodological robustness and comparability of clinical trials. Standardization of designs and outcomes would advance the field by allowing better comparison across studies, including performing individual patient-data meta-analyses, and different pro-myogenic therapies.

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Standard error of measurement and smallest detectable change of the Sarcopenia Quality of Life (SarQoL) questionnaire: An analysis of subjects from 9 validation studies

Cited by 47 publications

References 30 publications

Development and validation of a short version of the Sarcopenia Quality of Life questionnaire: the SF-SarQoL

Development and validation of a short version of the Sarcopenia Quality of Life questionnaire: the SF-SarQoL

Evaluating quality of life in frailty: applicability and clinimetric properties of the SarQoL^® questionnaire

Update on the ESCEO recommendation for the conduct of clinical trials for drugs aiming at the treatment of sarcopenia in older adults

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Standard error of measurement and smallest detectable change of the Sarcopenia Quality of Life (SarQoL) questionnaire: An analysis of subjects from 9 validation studies

Cited by 47 publications

References 30 publications

Development and validation of a short version of the Sarcopenia Quality of Life questionnaire: the SF-SarQoL

Development and validation of a short version of the Sarcopenia Quality of Life questionnaire: the SF-SarQoL

Evaluating quality of life in frailty: applicability and clinimetric properties of the SarQoL® questionnaire

Update on the ESCEO recommendation for the conduct of clinical trials for drugs aiming at the treatment of sarcopenia in older adults

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Evaluating quality of life in frailty: applicability and clinimetric properties of the SarQoL^® questionnaire