Stand and within-stand factors influencing Golden-winged Warbler use of regenerating stands in the central Appalachian Mountains

Bakermans, Marja H.; Smith, Brian; Jones, Benjamin C.; Larkin, Jeffery L.

doi:10.5751/ace-00747-100110

Cited by 21 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Creation and maintenance of breeding habitat for Golden‐winged Warblers is needed at the landscape scale (i.e., ≥ 1 km extent), where habitat selection depends on percent forest cover and elevation (Bakermans et al. , Crawford et al. ), and the patch scale (i.e., 500 m extent), where key habitat‐selection factors include stand age‐class, density and patchiness of shrubs and saplings, and herbaceous ground cover (Bakermans et al.…”

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“…), and the patch scale (i.e., 500 m extent), where key habitat‐selection factors include stand age‐class, density and patchiness of shrubs and saplings, and herbaceous ground cover (Bakermans et al. , Crawford et al. , Frantz et al.…”

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“…, Bakermans et al. ), the primary focus of the conservation plan and recent studies has been on landscape‐ and nest site‐scale (1 m 2 ) habitat metrics, with less attention given to territory‐scale attributes (i.e., Bellush et al. , Frantz et al.…”

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Characteristics of Golden-winged Warbler territories in plant communities associated with regenerating forest and abandoned agricultural fields

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In the Appalachian portion of their breeding range, Golden‐winged Warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera) nest in shrubland and regenerating forest communities created and maintained by disturbance. Because populations of Golden‐winged Warblers have exhibited precipitous declines in population throughout their Appalachian breeding range, management activities that create or maintain early successional habitat are a priority for many natural resource agencies and their conservation partners. Within these early successional habitats, however, additional information is still needed concerning the relative importance of different vegetation features in selection of breeding territories by Golden‐winged Warblers. Our objective, therefore, was to use logistic regression to estimate the probability of territory‐level occupancy by Golden‐winged Warblers in north‐central Pennsylvania at two sites, each with its own early successional community, based on vegetation characteristics. Our communities were composed of shrublands and regenerating forest sites resulting from two disturbances: agriculture and forest fire. Despite differences in vegetation structure, portions of both study areas (regenerating forest and old field) supported territorial Golden‐winged Warblers. Probability of territory occupancy by Golden‐winged Warblers increased with percent blackberry (Rubus) cover in the regenerating forest community, and decreased as basal area and distance to microedge increased (i.e., as vegetation patchiness decreased) in both communities. These habitat features have also been found to influence other aspects of Golden‐winged Warbler breeding ecology such as nest‐site selection, pairing success, and territory abundance. Vegetation features influencing Golden‐winged Warbler territory establishment can differ among shrubland and regenerating forest communities, and management decisions and outcomes may be affected by these differences. Our study provides a starting point for a more comprehensive hypothesis‐driven occupancy survey to investigate features of the territories of Golden‐winged Warblers across a broader geographic range and in different vegetation communities.

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Characteristics of Golden-winged Warbler territories in plant communities associated with regenerating forest and abandoned agricultural fields

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“…Clearly, the research by Confer et al (2010), though limited in scope, provided important insight regarding potential differences in Golden-winged Warbler reproductive success between upland and wetland communities. However, no published studies have compared Golden-winged Warbler habitat relationships between natural wetlands and upland timber harvests that meet the structural criteria presented in species-specific habitat management guidelines (i.e., Bakermans et al 2011Bakermans et al , 2015 and none have occurred within Appalachia where the species is most imperiled.…”

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Using a natural reference system to evaluate songbird habitat restoration

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Fiss²,

Wood³

et al. 2018

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ABSTRACT. The Golden-winged Warbler (Vermivora chrysoptera) is an imperiled songbird that breeds in early-successional plant communities of eastern North America. Conservation efforts on the breeding grounds have become a priority because population declines are thought to be driven, in part, by the loss of breeding habitat. Although the species is known to use a variety of upland and wetland cover types, the majority of previous research on the species has been conducted in uplands. Although patterns of Goldenwinged Warbler habitat use within anthropogenic upland communities are well understood, such information within naturally occurring habitats are scant. We compared Golden-winged Warbler densities in natural shrub-wetlands and nearby upland timber harvest that conformed to species-specific habitat guidelines of the Poconos Region of Pennsylvania. We also identified vegetation characteristics of natural shrub-wetlands associated with high warbler abundance. Our analyses suggest that timber harvests and natural shrubwetlands of the Poconos supported similar densities of Golden-winged Warblers. N-mixture models suggested that natural shrubwetlands with low canopy cover and high densities of 1-2 m tall woody stems hosted more Golden-winged Warblers. Wetland complexes comprising more edge and those with more emergent wetland types supported the highest warbler abundances. This suggests that the species requires edges when it occurs within shrub-wetlands, a pattern not observed within our timber harvests, which were designed to have adequate tree cover throughout. Findings from our study combined with those from concurrent research evaluating Goldenwinged Warbler reproductive success suggests that timber harvests following Golden-winged Warbler habitat guidelines have similar capacity as natural shrub-wetlands to support breeding populations. A future effort to quantify the potential of different wetland types to host breeding Golden-winged Warblers is warranted. Such information used in combination with timber harvest planning will provide insight for landscape-level conservation that considers maintaining appropriate amounts of nesting habitat to sustain Goldenwinged Warblers in this region.Utilisation d'un système de référence naturel pour évaluer la restauration de l'habitat d'un passereau RÉSUMÉ. La Paruline à ailes dorées (Vermivora chrysoptera) est un passereau en danger qui niche dans les communautés végétales de début de succession de l'est de l'Amérique du Nord. Les efforts de conservation sur les aires de nidification sont maintenant prioritaires parce qu'on pense que les baisses de population sont imputables, en partie, à la perte d'habitat de nidification. Même si cette espèce est connue pour fréquenter une variété de milieux se trouvant en terrains secs ou humides, la majorité des recherches antérieures sur l'espèce ont été menées sur des hautes terres. Si on connait bien les tendances de l'utilisation de l'habitat par cette paruline dans les milieux d'origine anthropique se trouvant en terrain sec,...

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“…Efforts to stabilize and reverse these declines have been initiated in recent years (Bakermans et al. , McNeil et al. ), including the creation and maintenance of breeding and postbreeding habitat for Golden‐winged Warblers in the Appalachian and Great Lakes regions (Ciuzio et al.…”

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Geolocators reveal migratory connectivity between wintering and breeding areas of Golden-winged Warblers

et al. 2017

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The conservation of migratory songbirds is often impeded by a lack of understanding of how populations in breeding and wintering areas are geographically linked (migratory connectivity). In recent years, light‐level geolocators have improved our understanding of migratory connectivity. Such information is valuable for evaluating how conservation efforts align between the breeding and non‐breeding areas of at‐risk species, and help to more effectively prioritize the allocation of conservation funding. Golden‐winged Warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera) are imperiled migratory songbirds, but the extent to which conservation efforts in their breeding and non‐breeding areas coincide with patterns of migratory connectivity are not well known. We used light‐level geolocators to evaluate the extent to which conservation actions targeting Golden‐winged Warblers in Nicaragua and in their breeding range in North America align with patterns of migratory connectivity. We recovered six of 22 geolocators that had been deployed on male Golden‐winged Warblers at the El Jaguar Reserve during the winter of 2015–2016. All six males migrated to breeding areas in the western Great Lakes region that includes eastern Minnesota, northern Wisconsin, southwestern Ontario, and Michigan's Upper Peninsula. All six males also had similar migration routes, with spring stopovers in southern Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize, a trans‐Gulf flight, and a stopover in the region of Louisiana, Arkansas, eastern Oklahoma, and Texas. Our results, in combination with those of previous studies, demonstrate strong migratory connectivity between portions of the breeding and winter distributions of Golden‐winged Warblers currently targeted for conservation. However, additional studies are needed to improve our understanding of the stopover ecology of Golden‐winged Warblers, especially in areas where they remain for extended periods of time. Finally, patterns of migratory connectivity revealed in our study should be used in combination with existing demographic parameters for Golden‐winged Warblers in the western Great Lakes and Nicaragua to help inform full life cycle population models for this imperiled songbird.

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Stand and within-stand factors influencing Golden-winged Warbler use of regenerating stands in the central Appalachian Mountains

Cited by 21 publications

References 47 publications

Characteristics of Golden-winged Warbler territories in plant communities associated with regenerating forest and abandoned agricultural fields

Characteristics of Golden-winged Warbler territories in plant communities associated with regenerating forest and abandoned agricultural fields

Using a natural reference system to evaluate songbird habitat restoration

Geolocators reveal migratory connectivity between wintering and breeding areas of Golden-winged Warblers

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