“…For example, hedging and boosters were used to protect authors from any criticism and to indicate a degree of confidence (Hu & Cao, 2011;Serholt, 2012;Vázquez & Giner, 2009), attitudinal markers were used to express authors' viewpoints and evaluations (Ahmad & Mehrjooseresht, 2012), and self-mentions were used to explicitly promote authors as reliable members of the field or to establish a relationship with readers (Dueñas, 2007;Hyland, 2003Hyland, , 2008Silver, 2003;Zareva, 2013). Moreover, some studies demonstrated that establishing the author's credibility is a noticeable function of all stance types (Ahmad & Mehrjooseresht, 2012;Dueñas, 2007;Hu & Cao, 2011;Hyland, 2003;McGrath & Kuteeva, 2012;Serholt, 2012). students, especially Thais, utilize stance devices in their research.…”