Stakeholders' Perspectives on the “Helping Babies Breathe” Program Situation in Nepal Following the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic impacted healthcare systems, including resuscitation training programs such as Helping Babies Breathe (HBB). Nepal, a country with limited healthcare resources, faces challenges in delivering effective HBB training, managing deliveries, and providing neonatal care, particularly in remote areas. Aims: This study assessed HBB skills and knowledge postpandemic through interviews with key stakeholders in Nepal. It aimed to identify strategies, adaptations, and innovations to address training gaps and scale-up HBB. Methods: A qualitative approach was used, employing semistructured interviews about HBB program effectiveness, pandemic challenges, stakeholder engagement, and suggestions for improvement. Results: The study encompassed interviews with 23 participants, including HBB trainers, birth attendants, officials, and providers. Thematic analysis employed a systematic approach by deducing themes from study aims and theory. Data underwent iterative coding and refinement to synthesize content yielding following 5 themes: (1) pandemic's impact on HBB training; (2) resource accessibility for training postpandemic; (3) reviving HBB training; (4) impacts on the neonatal workforce; and (5) elements influencing HBB training progress. Conclusion: Postpandemic, healthcare workers in Nepal encounter challenges accessing essential resources and delivering HBB training, especially in remote areas. Adequate budgeting and strong commitment from healthcare policy levels are essential to reduce neonatal mortality in the future.