Staining Beverages and Cigarette Smoke on Composite Resin and Human Tooth Fluorescence by Direct Spectrometry

Abstract

Introduction: This study evaluated the fluorescence intensity (FI) of different brands of composite resins (CRs) and compare those values with the FI of human tooth, under the action of cigarette smoke (CI), coffee (CA), and soft drink (CO), measured by direct spectrometry. Materials and methods:A total of 30 specimens of each brand (Filtek Z350, Esthet-X, Amelogen, Durafill) were made. Others 30 tooth specimens (3 mm/diameter) were obtained from human molars using a trephine bur. The specimens were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10), according to substances: CI, CA, CO. The FI was directly measured using an optic fiber associated with a spectrometer and was measured at baseline and after staining. Data were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis, Dunnett, and Dunn tests. Results:Staining influenced FI mean values among CRs and between those with human tooth. Z showed the closest FI mean values of tooth after staining. Conclusion:Staining beverages and cigarette smoke negatively influenced on FI of CR and human tooth.Clinical significance: The study shows darkening treatments influenced on the fluorescent property of the dental tissues and restorative materials according to the direct spectrometry analysis.

<p>Effects of Exposure to Cola-Based Soft Drink on Bleaching Effectiveness and Tooth Sensitivity of In-Office Bleaching: A Blind Clinical Trial</p>

“…Both the protocols demonstrated significant whitening after 2 bleaching sessions. Thus, the results oppose the idea that acidic beverages containing coloring agents, as cola-based soft drinks, that cause extrinsic stains reduce bleaching potential [11][12][13] and it lead us to accept our first null hypothesis.…”

“…Coloring and acidic pH agents, such as cola-based drinks, coffee, and wine, have been demonstrated to stain the dental structures and also affect the expected end result, as well as the longevity of the bleaching treatment. [8][9][10][11][12][13] These findings support professionals' recommendations to their patients to avoid ingesting coloring agents in their diets during their bleaching treatments. 14 However, when dealing with in vivo conditions, all dietary restrictions can be restricted, especially soft drinks.…”

“…Another aspect related to color, which is worthwhile to explore, is that substances able to stain extrinsically, such as cola-based soft drink, [11][12][13] are compounds constituted of chromogenic polyphenols. These compounds are believed to bind to proteins, such as the pellicle or bacteria on the surface of the teeth.…”

“…In contrast to Rezende et al 2013, 16 whose findings found that coffee did not affect TS, it should be considered that Coca-Cola has a more acidic pH (≅ 2.53) than coffee (≅ 4.46). [11][12][13]42 A well-known fact in the literature is that the erosive potential of Coca-Cola affects not only mineral loss and dental enamel 19,43 but also, in epidemiological and clinical evidences, calcium homeostasis and bone turnover 19,44 even in a short time period. 19 It is worth mentioning that, although the evaluation of the erosive potential was not within the scope of the present study, dental erosion was not observed during the follow-ups of this study, especially for patients who ingested Coca-Cola.…”

Color stability, Roughness, and Microhardness of Enamel and Composites Submitted to Staining/Bleaching Cycles

“…Coffee was selected as the staining medium because of its high popularity among patients and due to its intense staining effect on natural teeth and composites ( Jain et al, 2013 , da Silva et al, 2017 ). Coffee consists of anionic polyphenols (yellow colorants), which interact with the cationic salivary pellicles on the tooth surface and adsorb on composite into the organic phase due to the compatibility of the polymer phase with the yellow colorants of the coffee ( Proctor et al, 2005 ).…”