Staging Philanthropy

Quataert, Jean H.

doi:10.3998/mpub.16460

Cited by 85 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The geometrically-thin accretion disk is either absent, or is truncated in the inner regions, and is replaced by a geometrically-thick structure in which the inflow time is much shorter than the radiative cooling time (e.g. Narayan & Yi 1994, 1996, Quataert 2001, Narayan 2005, Ho 2008). These are called advection-dominated or radiativelyinefficient accretion flows (ADAFs/RIAFs).…”

Section: Overview Of the Local Agn Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Coevolution of Galaxies and Supermassive Black Holes: Insights from Surveys of the Contemporary Universe

Heckman¹,

Best²

2014

Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys.

1,083

1,009

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We summarize what large surveys of the contemporary (low-redshift) universe have taught us about the physics and phenomenology of the processes that link the formation and evolution of galaxies and their central supermassive black holes. The surveys are powerful because their large size and high data quality enable the careful control of systematics needed to untangle the complex inter-relationships in a robust way. We emphasize the particular importance of high-quality optical spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We present a picture in the contemporary universe in which the population of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) can be divided into two distinct populations. The Radiative-Mode AGN are associated with black holes that produce radiant energy powered by accretion at rates in excess of ∼1% the Eddington Limit. This population today is primarily associated with less massive black holes growing in high-density pseudo-bulges at a rate sufficient to produce the total mass budget in these black holes in about 10 Gyr. The circumnuclear environment contains high density cold gas and associated on-going star-formation. Major mergers are not the primary mechanism for transporting this gas inward; secular processes appear dominant. The association between black hole growth and star-formation means that stellar feedback will be generic in these objects. Strong AGN feedback in the form of global outflows is seen only in the most powerful AGN. In the Jet-Mode AGN the bulk of energy extracted from the accretion process takes the form of collimated outflows (jets). This population is associated with the more massive black holes in the more massive (classical) bulges and elliptical galaxies. Neither the accretion onto these black holes nor star-formation in their host bulge is significant today. These AGN are probably fueled by the accretion of slowly cooling hot gas that is limited by the feedback/heating provided by AGN radio sources. Surveys of the high-redshift universe are painting a very similar picture for the characteristic population of AGN that are responsible for the bulk of the mass in relic black holes in today's fossil record: they live in normal galaxies with the (high) star-formation rates characteristic of those epochs. We speculate that a mode in which black holes are formed in major mergers and generate galaxy-scale winds may be responsible for the minority population lying above the knee in the AGN luminosity function. Noting that the volume-averaged ratio of star formation to black hole growth has remained broadly similar over the past 10 Gyrs, we argue that the processes that linked the cosmic evolution of galaxies and supermassive black holes are still at play today. All galaxies AGN: L bol /L Edd > 0.01 AGN: L bol /L Edd < 0.01 G ro w th Q ue nc hi ng Star-forming main sequence Red Sequence Fig. 2.-The distribution of galaxies in the SDSS main galaxy sample on the plane of stellar mass vs.specific star formation rate (sSFR = SFR/M * ). The greyscale indicates the volume-weighted distribution of all...

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Section: Overview Of the Local Agn Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Coevolution of Galaxies and Supermassive Black Holes: Insights from Surveys of the Contemporary Universe

Heckman¹,

Best²

2014

Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys.

1,083

1,009

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“…). Such flows are generally known as RIAF (Radiatively Inefficient Accretion Flows; see Quataert 2001) and they can be divided into high accretion angular momentum flows (usually known as ADAF models) and low angular momentum accretion flows, including spherically symmetric Bondi accretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the efficiency of the Blandford–Znajek mechanism for low angular momentum relativistic accretion

Das

2012

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters

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Blandford-Znajek (BZ) mechanism has usually been studied in the literature for accretion with considerably high angular momentum leading to the formation of a Keplerian disc. However, in nearby elliptical galaxies, as well as for our own Galactic centre, low angular momentum accretion is prevalent. Such sub-Keplerian accretion has complex dynamical features and can accommodate stationary shocks. In this letter, we present our calculation for the maximum efficiency obtainable through the BZ mechanism for complete general relativistic low angular momentum flow in the Kerr metric. Both shocked and shock free flow has been studied in detail for rotating and counter rotating accretion. Such study has never been done in the literature before. We find that the energy extraction efficiency is low, about 0.1%, and increases by a factor 15 if the ram pressure is included. Such an efficiency is still much higher than the radiative efficiency of such optically thin flows. For BZ mechanism, shocked flow produces higher efficiency than the shock free solutions and retrograde flow provides a slightly larger value of the efficiency than that for the prograde flow.

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“…As Jean Quataert observed, Frauenvereine were a '"voluntary union of individuals" working for the "common goals of the state"' and, so, appealed to both liberal and conservative positions after 1815. 40 The Frauenverein's function as an unofficial arm of government made its First Principal a de facto agent of the state. In Weimar, the Central-Frauenverein's 'Statutory Provisions', issued by the Grand Duke in 1817, followed the state's liberal constitution of 1816.…”

Section: Governing the (E)statementioning

confidence: 99%

Julie von Bechtolsheim, a Political Life: Women's Work and Governance in the Age of Revolution

Anthony

2023

J Eighteenth Century Stud

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This article understands how women and girls in the Grand Duchy of Saxe‐Weimar‐Eisenach negotiated core issues in the Age of Revolutions: early industrialization and political representation. The baroness Julie von Bechtolsheim (1751–1847) leveraged war, widowhood, courtly connections, and poetry to pursue a public ‘career’ as First Principal of Eisenach's Women's Association (Frauenverein) from 1814 to 1831, establishing a material link between her private estate and the political estate. The Association itself was contrived as a polity in microcosm. Accusations of Bechtolsheim's ‘despotic’ governance prompted a majority bourgeois managerial staff to establish electoral conventions. Not all women had equal claim to citizenship, however. The Association's records reveal a Romantic theory of labour that reinforced a social order built on women's work, and its ‘Industry School’ sustained a supply of female labour into the state's predominant industry, linen manufacture, as into the servant's quarters of its affluent homes.

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Staging Philanthropy

Cited by 85 publications

References 0 publications

The Coevolution of Galaxies and Supermassive Black Holes: Insights from Surveys of the Contemporary Universe

The Coevolution of Galaxies and Supermassive Black Holes: Insights from Surveys of the Contemporary Universe

On the efficiency of the Blandford–Znajek mechanism for low angular momentum relativistic accretion

Julie von Bechtolsheim, a Political Life: Women's Work and Governance in the Age of Revolution

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