Staging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma – The past, the present and the future

Ng, Wai Tong; Yuen, Kam‐Tong; Au, Kwok Hung; Chan, Oscar S.H.; Lee, Anne W.M.

doi:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2013.06.003

Cited by 52 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The current AJCC TNM staging system for NPC is based on the anatomical extent of the tumor [24]. Tumor volume has been proposed as an independent prognostic factor besides T classification in patients with NPC [25][26][27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of intensity-modulated radiotherapy on nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Validation of the 7th edition AJCC staging system

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of intensity-modulated radiotherapy on nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Validation of the 7th edition AJCC staging system

et al. 2015

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“…Several studies [32,33] have reported that T1-2N1 disease had poorer outcomes and might benefit from combined treatments. There is also increasing evidence that primary tumor volume could be a significant factor for local control independent of T stage [34]. In addition to anatomical tumor stage and volume, plasma EBV DNA may aid further risk stratifications.…”

Section: Evolving Role Of Induction Chemotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Cancer: Neoadjuvant, Concomitant, and/or Adjuvant

Chang

Lee

et al. 2015

Curr. Treat. Options in Oncol.

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Nasopharyngeal cancers are unique among other head and neck cancers, not only in epidemiology and histological characteristics, but also on treatment strategies as well. Radiotherapy is the primary treatment due to its radiosensitivity. In locally advanced stages, concurrent chemoradiation has been established to be effective to eradicate the disease and improve survival, in favor of radiotherapy alone. While increasing studies have explored the potential benefit of adding more chemotherapy to the concurrent regimen, whether adjuvant or neoadjuvant, it is generally agreed that proper patient selection is needed to stratify high-risk groups to intensify treatment and to optimize the disease outcome. Future studies are ongoing, possibly with the addition of biomarkers such as EBV DNA for risk group stratification. Refinement of patient groups that should be selected for combined modality treatment in stage II disease is also warranted.

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“…4 Currently, the prognosis for NPC patients is based on histological classification combined with information on the tumor size and location. 5,6 These factors are important for the detection of NPC and determining the disease stage. However, varying outcomes of clinical treatment have been reported for NPC patients with the same stage of disease treated using comparable methods.…”

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confidence: 99%

Circulating Epstein–Barr virus microRNAs miR‐BART7 and miR‐BART13 as biomarkers for nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis and treatment

Zhang

Zong

Shen

et al. 2014

Intl Journal of Cancer

102

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More than 75% of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients have already developed local or regional spread at diagnosis, which hampers effective treatment and results in a poor prognosis. It is essential to characterize more sensitive and specific biomarkers for screening of high risk individuals and assessment of NPC treatment effectiveness. NPC is an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) associated tumor in which only a few viral proteins but more than 20 BamHI A rightward transcripts (BART) microRNAs are detected, at abundant levels. We hypothesized that these BART microRNAs may be novel biomarkers for NPC. Systematic analysis of EBV BART microRNA expression profiles in EBV latently infected Mutu I and Mutu III cell lines, EBV-harboring NPC and noncancerous NP cells found that miR-BART3, miR-BART7 and miR-BART13 microRNAs are highly expressed and regularly secreted into the extracellular environment of NPC cells. These BART microRNAs were evaluated for used as potential NPC biomarkers. Analysis of plasma specimens obtained from NPC patients (n 5 89), and healthy (n 5 28) and non-NPC tumor patient controls (n 5 18) found levels of both miR-BART7 and miR-BART13, but not miR-BART3, to be distinctly presence among NPC patients, with elevated levels being particularly apparent among patients with advanced disease. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis combining miR-BART7 and miR-BART13 levels produces a 90% predictive value for the presence of NPC. Analysis of 41 NPC patients before and after radiotherapy showed that miR-BART7 and miR-BART13, but not miR-BART3, were diminished after treatment. These results indicate that EBV microRNAs, miR-BART7 and miR-BART13, may constitute useful new serological biomarkers for diagnosis of NPC and prediction of treatment efficacy.

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Staging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma – The past, the present and the future

Cited by 52 publications

References 64 publications

Impact of intensity-modulated radiotherapy on nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Validation of the 7th edition AJCC staging system

Impact of intensity-modulated radiotherapy on nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Validation of the 7th edition AJCC staging system

Chemotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Cancer: Neoadjuvant, Concomitant, and/or Adjuvant

Circulating Epstein–Barr virus microRNAs miR‐BART7 and miR‐BART13 as biomarkers for nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosis and treatment

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